可选链操作符 ?.可以防止空指针的情况:
const student = {
name: "小凯",
address: {
state: "shanghai"
}
};
// 一层一层判断
console.log(student && student.address && student.address.state); // 输出: shanghai
console.log(student && student.address && student.address.ZIpcode); // 输出: undefined
// 使用可选链操作符
console.log(student?.address?.state); // 输出: shanghai
console.log(student?.address?.zIPcode); // 输出: undefined