R语言简单随机抽样：srswr、srswor与sample函数-优快云博客

本文介绍了R语言中进行简单随机抽样的三种方法：使用sampling包中的srswr函数进行有放回抽样，使用srswor函数进行不放回抽样，以及使用内建的sample函数实现放回或不放回抽样。通过示例详细展示了如何使用这些函数抽取样本。

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简单随机抽样是指从总体N个单位中任意抽取n个单位作为样本，使每个可能的样本被抽中的概率相等的一种抽样方式
可通过srswr函数，srswor和sample函数实现
srswr函数和srswor函数在sampling包中，使用前需要先加载sampling包
srswr(n, N)
srswor(n, N)
sample(x, size, replace = FALSE, prob = NULL)
示例：

install.packages("sampling")
#  运行结果：
#  WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:
#  
#  https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
#  Installing package into ‘C:/Users/Admin/Documents/R/win-library/3.6’
#  (as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
#  also installing the dependency ‘lpSolve’
#  
#  试开URL’https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/lpSolve_5.6.15.zip'
#  Content type 'application/zip' length 748088 bytes (730 KB)
#  downloaded 730 KB
#  
#  试开URL’https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/sampling_2.8.zip'
#  Content type 'application/zip' length 905090 bytes (883 KB)
#  downloaded 883 KB
#  
#  package ‘lpSolve’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
#  package ‘sampling’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
#  
#  The downloaded b