redhat6.8安装oracle12c第一版

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-11 16:52:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-11 16:52:48 发布

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文章标签： linux yum 数据库服务器

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最小化安装的redhat系统安装oracle12c日记

mini模式安装好的redhat系统,没有光盘要安装oarcle12c数据库

1.第一步当然是配置网络了,配置em1网口

vi  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em1   #编辑配置文件,添加修改以下内容

BOOTPROTO=static   #启用静态IP地址

ONBOOT=yes  #开启自动启用网络连接

IPADDR=192.168.1.115  #设置IP地址

NETMASK=255.255.255.0  #设置子网掩码

GATEWAY=192.168.1.1   #设置网关

DNS1=202.101.172.35 #设置主DNS

DNS2=114.114.114.114 #设置备DNS

:wq!  #保存退出

vi /etc/resolv.conf   #配置dns,保障可以正常访问外网

nameserver  202.101.172.35   #设置主DNS
nameserver  114.114.114.114  #设置备DNS

service network restart  #重启网络连接

PING测试一下是否可以正常访问外网

2.因为没原版光盘,手头也没ISO之好配置yum源,这里配置163的源

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps #删除原来的yum 因为一些包之间可能会有依赖关系，所以我们需要加上参数 --nodeps 无视依赖关系。



下载163的centos yum
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

下载好4个包后安装包
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm #2个包互相依赖 需要一起安装

更换yum源

cd  /etc/yum.repos.d/
　

mv rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak #备份原来的源文件

vi  rhel-source.repo   #编辑源
　
#复制下面的文字到rhel-source.repo文件
#rhel-source.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

 

[base]

name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

wq保存


清理后重建缓存　

yum clean all

yum makecache

更新yum

yum update

3.centos下熟悉的yum源回来了,最小安装当然没有图形了,为了安装oracle方便,还是安装个图形吧.

yum -y groupinstall Desktop  #安装桌面
yum -y groupinstall "X Window System" #安装Xwindow
yum -y groupinstall chinese-support  #中文支持

vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n  #修改语言为中文
lang=''zh_cn.UTF-8''
wq #保存

startx  #启动图形界面

#修改开机后自动进入图形界面
vi /etc/inittab
#改id:3:initdefault为
id:5:initdefault
wq #保存

4.安装oracle12c所需的依赖包

yum -y install binutils "compat-libstdc++" elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++ make "pdksh" sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
 

yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33 ksh
 

yum -y install libio.i686 glibc.i686 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 libaio-devel.i686 libgcc.i686 libstdc++.i686 unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel.i686

yum  -y install binutils install compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 libX11 
libX11.i686 libXau  libXau.i686  libXi libXi.i686  libXtst  libXtst.i686  libgcc  libgcc.i686 
libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel  libstdc++-devel.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686  make nfs-utils  net-tools  smartmontools  sysstat  unixODBC unixODBC-devel

5.添加oracle用户


groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

6.配置内核

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576         
//异步IO请求数目 推荐值是：1048576 其实它等于 1024*1024 也就是 1024K 个 
fs.file-max = 6815744           
//打开的文件句柄的最大数量,防止文件描述符耗尽的问题
kernel.shmall = 2097152         
//共享内存总量 页为单位,内存除以4K所得 
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295   
kernel.shmmni = 4096 
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128   
//SEMMSL: 每个信号集的最大信号数量 SEMMNS：用于控制整个 Linux 系统中信号的最大数  
//SEMOPM： 内核参数用于控制每个 semop 系统调用可以执行的信号操作的数量 SEMMNI ：内核参数用于控制整个 Linux 系统中信号集的最大数量 
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500  
//用于向外连接的端口范围   
net.core.rmem_default = 262144 //套接字接收缓冲区大小的缺省值 
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304   //套接字接收缓冲区大小的最大值 
net.core.wmem_default = 262144 //套接字发送缓冲区大小的缺省值 
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576   //套接字发送缓冲区大小的最大值
wq保存文件

sysctl -p 刷新内核

7 更改oracle用户的shell 限制

cat /etc/security/limits.conf
 vi /etc/security/limits.conf
 
#在/etc/security/limits.conf后面增加如下行
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle        soft    nproc           2047       //单用户可使用的进程数量
oracle        hard    nproc           16384
oracle        soft    nofile          1024       //用户可打开的文件数量
oracle        hard    nofile          65536
oracle        soft    stack           10240      //堆栈设置

8.改用户资源限制

#在/etc/pam.d/login 后面增加如下行 
vi /etc/pam.d/login
session  required  pam_limits.so
wq

9.改profile

#在在 /etc/profile 后面增加如下行
vi /etc/profile
#lidt update
 if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
         if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
                 ulimit -p 16384
                 ulimit -n 65536
         else
                 ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
         fi
 fi
 wq

9.改oracle用户的profile

#更改Oracle 用户的 profile 
#以Oracle 用户登录，运行
vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
#lidt add
 umask 022
 ORACLE_BASH=/home/u01/oracle #oracle目录
 ORACLE_SID=orcl;  
#unset ORACLE_HOME
 #unset TNS_ADMIN
 ORACLE_HOME=/home/u01/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
 export ORACLE_HOME
 #ORACLE_TERM=xterm;
 #export ORACLE_TERM
 PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;
 export PATH
 wq

source .bash_profile #启用修改好的profile
 
 更改完成后，退出oracle用户，重新登录，用以下命令检查是否更改成功
 umask
 env | more
至此，环境配置完毕，可以开始安装Oracle了

10.使用oracle用户登录先把两个下载的zip文件，复制/home/u01/oracle目录下，用unzip命令把zip的内容解接压缩

unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

11、开始安装

cd database/
 ./runInstaller

12、执行2个root 的的脚本，https:///localhost:5500/em便可访问了

13、#设置防火墙，远程可访问

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
 #添加如下两行
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1158 -j ACCEPT
wq
 #重启防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables restart
#关闭SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
 SELINUX=disabled

14、启动em命令：emctl start dbconsole
关闭em命令emctl stop dbconsole

16、修复emctl不能启动
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole
OC4J Configuration issue. /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_BoxCentOS6_lidt not found.
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ mv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_localhost_lidt/ /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_BoxCentOS6_lidt
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole
EM Configuration issue. /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/BoxCentOS6_lidt not found.
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ mv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/localhost_lidt/ /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/BoxCentOS6_lidt
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole

如果还不能启动，就要修复
#给用户解锁、设置密码
alter user dbsnmp account unlock;
alter user dbsnmp identified by dbsnmp;

alter user sysman account unlock;
alter user sysman identified by sysman;

#请先开启数据库
[oracle@BoxCentOS6 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate

参考了以下文章,感谢以下博主

https://www.cnblogs.com/xzjf/p/8301109.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/boentouch/p/11027250.html
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_43315211/article/details/90256603
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/tobearc/article/details/91351821
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wankaiming/article/details/7716662
https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/670705/
https://wenku.baidu.com/view/f59f367a19e8b8f67c1cb9ae.html?from=search