如何让你的python代码简洁优雅_python函数入参太多如何简化-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_41865652/article/details/101344807

如何让你的python代码简洁优雅

1、多变量赋值

   name1 = 'Ray',
   name2 = 'Mary', 
   name3 = 'Jacky'

优化写法：

直接按顺序对应一一赋值

   name1, name2, name3 = 'Ray', 'Mary', 'Jacky'

运行结果：


In [1]: name1, name2, name3 = 'Ray', 'Mary', 'Jacky'                                                

In [2]: print(name1)                                                                                
Ray

In [3]: print(name2)                                                                                
Mary

In [4]: print(name3)                                                                                
Jacky

2、判断语句优化

   index = 3
   if index < 3:
       index = -index
   else:
       index = 3

优化写法：

使用python中的三目运算符

   # 简写方式（相当于其他语言中的三目运算符） 
   num = -index if index < 3 else 3

运行结果：


In [10]: num = -index if index < 3 else 3                                                           

In [11]: print(num)                                                                                 
3

3、多重条件条件区间优化

3.1 短路与（and）

age = 25
if age >=18 and age < 35:
    print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!")

优化写法：

使用链式判断

   age = 25
   # 注意这种写法在强类型的语言中或许不适用，在python中是可行的
   if 18 <= age < 35:
       print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!")

运行结果：

In [18]: age = 25                                                                                   

In [19]: if 18 <= age < 35: 
    ...:     print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!") 
    ...:                                                                                            
Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!

In [20]:

3.2 短路或（or）

age = 25
if age ==18 or age = 25 or age = 30:
    print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!")

优化写法：

使用关键字in

   age = 25
   # 注意这种写法在强类型的语言中或许不适用，在python中是可行的
   if age in (18, 25, 30):
       print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!")

运行结果：

In [21]: age = 25                                                                                   

In [22]: if age in (18, 25, 30): 
    ...:     print("Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!") 
    ...:                                                                                            
Congratulations on meeting our recruitment requirements!

In [23]:

4、序列解包

stu_info = ['qingchen', 18, 'student']
name = stu_info[0]
age = stu_info[1]
profession = stu_info[2]
print(name,age, profession)

优化写法：

给出对应变量元组接收列表所有元素

   stu_info = ['qingchen', 18, 'student']
   name, age, profession = stu_info
   print(name,age, profession)

运行结果：

In [28]:  stu_info = ['qingchen', 18, 'student']                                                    

In [29]: name, age, profession = stu_info                                                           

In [30]: print(name, age, profession)                                                               
qingchen 18 student

In [31]:

5、空数据判断

     # 通常我们对数据为空的判断都是看数据的长度是否为0，如下示例
	 list_demo, dirc_demo, str_demo = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9], {}, ""
     if len(list_demo) > 0:
         print('list_demo 为非空')
     if len( dirc_demo) > 0:
         print('dirc_demo 为非空')
     if len(str_demo ) > 0:
         print('str_demo  为非空')

优化写法：

if 后面的执行条件是可以简写的，只要条件 是非零数值、非空字符串、非空 list 等，就判断为 True，否则为 False。

   list_demo, dirc_demo, str_demo = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9], {}, ""
    if list_demo:
         print('list_demo 为非空')
     if dirc_demo:
         print('dirc_demo 为非空')
     if str_demo:
         print('str_demo  为非空')

运行结果：

In [32]: list_demo, dirc_demo, str_demo = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9], {}, ""                                   

In [33]: if list_demo: 
    ...:     print("list_demo 非空") 
    ...: if dirc_demo: 
    ...:     pritn("dirc_demo 非空") 
    ...: if str_demo: 
    ...:     print("str_demo 为非空") 
    ...:                                                                                            
list_demo 非空

6、多条件内容判断

6.1 多条件内容判断至少一个成立


    math, English, chinese = 85, 90,  58
    if math < 60 or English < 60 or chinese < 60:
        print('failed')
  
    # 结果
    failed

优化写法：

  使用any语句

   math, English, chinese = 85, 90, 58
   if any([math < 60, English < 60, chinese < 60]):
    print('failed')

运行结果：

In [37]: math, English, chinese = 85, 90, 58                                                                                                                                                

In [38]: if any([math < 60, English < 60, chinese < 60]):  
    ...:     print( 'failed')                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
failed

6.2 多条件内容判断全部成立


    math, English, chinese = 85, 90,  75
    if math > 60 or English > 60 or chinese > 60:
        print('passed')
  
    # 结果
    failed

优化写法：

  使用all语句

   math, English, chinese = 85, 90, 75
   if all([math > 60, English > 60, chinese > 60]):
    print('passed')

运行结果：

In [37]: math, English, chinese = 85, 90, 75                                                                                                                                                

In [38]: if all([math > 60, English > 60, chinese > 60]):  
    ...:     print( 'passed')  
    ...:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
passed

7、遍历list的元素和元素索引

   # 通常都使用 for 循环进行遍历元素和下标
   L =['math', 'English', 'computer', 'Physics']
   for i in range(len(L)):
       print(i, ':', L[i])

    # 结果
    0 : math
    1 : English
    2 : computer
    3 : Physics

优化写法：

  使用enumerate 函数

   L =['math', 'English', 'computer', 'Physics']
   for k,v in enumerate(L):
       print(k, ':', v)

运行结果：

In [44]: L =['math', 'English', 'computer', 'Physics']                                                                                                                                       

In [45]: for k,v in enumerate(L): 
    ...:      print(k, ':', v) 
    ...:                                                                                                                                                                                     
0 : math
1 : English
2 : computer
3 : Physics

In [46]:

7、循环语句优化

   # 通常都使用 for 循环进行遍历元素和下标
   list_demo = []
   for i in range(1, 6):
        list_demo .append(i*i)
  print(list_demo ) 

  #结果：
  [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

优化写法：

  使用列表生成式

   print([x**2 for x in range(1,6)])

运行结果：

In [47]:  print([x**2 for x in range(1,6)])                                                                                                                                                  
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

In [48]: