Centos7.2下修改Mysql5.6字符集编码为UTF-8

查看mysql当前字符集：

mysql> show variables like'%char%';
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name                        | Value                      |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client                 | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection             | utf8                       |
| character_set_database               | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem             | binary                     |
| character_set_results                | utf8                       |
| character_set_server                 | latin1                     |
| character_set_system                 | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir                   | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1                          |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.01 sec)

其中，

character_set_client    为客户端编码方式；

character_set_connection    为建立连接使用的编码；

character_set_database    数据库的编码；

character_set_results    结果集的编码；

character_set_server    数据库服务器的编码；

只要保证以上五个采用的编码方式一样，就不会出现乱码问题。

1、修改mysql的配置文件，一般是”/etc/my.cnf“。如果不确定可以按下面方法查找配置文件的位置。

which mysqld

[root@ ~]# which mysqld
/usr/sbin/mysqld
[root@ ~]# /usr/sbin/mysqld --verbose --help | grep -A 1 'Default options'
2018-03-29T02:13:30.510089Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/share/mysql/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

用vim修改 /etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

在[client]字段下添加：

default-character-set = utf8

(如果没有这字段，自己添加。)

在[mysqld]字段下添加：
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci

2、重启mysql服务

service mysqld stop
service mysqld start

3、查看字符集编码

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

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也可以通过命令修改mysql字符集

set character_set_client=utf8; //客户端字符集
set character_set_connection=utf8; //链接字符集
set character_set_database=utf8; //数据库字符集
set character_set_results=utf8;  //结果字符集
set character_set_server=utf8;  //服务器字符集
set character_set_system=utf8;  //系统字符集
set collation_connection=utf8; //链接校对
set collation_database=utf8;  //数据库校对
set collation_server=utf8;    //服务器校对

这种方式在mysql服务重启后，需要再次设置。