java0013——java读取、生成、操作xml

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-12 17:33:03 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Java的DOM方式解析和生成XML文件，包括解析XML的步骤和生成XML的完整过程，适合初学者和需要复习XML操作的开发者。

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xml特点

纯文本
没有与定义标签（允许自定义标记）

xml规则

对大小写敏感
必须正确的嵌套
必须有根元素
属性值必须加引号

xml的j解析

package ReadXml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class test2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			//DOM方式解析
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();// 获取新的实例
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document document = builder.parse(new File("language.xml"));
			Element root = document.getDocumentElement();
			System.out.println("cat=" + root.getAttribute("cat"));
			NodeList list = root.getElementsByTagName("lan");
			for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
				Element lan = (Element) list.item(i);
				System.out.println("-----------------");
				System.out.println("id=" + lan.getAttribute("id"));
				// Element name=(Element) lan.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0);/*不专业*/
				// System.out.println("name="+name.getTextContent());
				NodeList child = lan.getChildNodes();
				for (int j = 0; j < child.getLength(); j++) {
					Node tarname = child.item(j);
					if (tarname instanceof Element)
						System.out.println(tarname.getNodeName() + "=" + tarname.getTextContent());
				}
			}
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

xml的生成

package ReadXml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.StringWriter;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
//当时没有自动导入,我也没在意,还是这样比较方便
//import  org.w3c.dom.Document
//import  org.w3c.dom.Element
public class test1 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {

			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			org.w3c.dom.Document document = builder.newDocument();
				// 读入文章属性
			org.w3c.dom.Element root = document.createElement("languages");
			root.setAttribute("cat", "it");
			
			org.w3c.dom.Element lan1 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan1.setAttribute("id", "1");
			org.w3c.dom.Element name1 = document.createElement("name");
			name1.setTextContent("Java");
			org.w3c.dom.Element ide1 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide1.setTextContent("Eclipse");
			// 实现节点的包装
			lan1.appendChild(name1);// 添加子节点
			lan1.appendChild(ide1);

			org.w3c.dom.Element lan2 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan1.setAttribute("id", "2");
			org.w3c.dom.Element name2 = document.createElement("name");
			name1.setTextContent("Python");
			org.w3c.dom.Element ide2 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide1.setTextContent("Pycharm");
			lan2.appendChild(name2);// 添加子节点
			lan2.appendChild(ide2);

			org.w3c.dom.Element lan3 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan3.setAttribute("id", "3");
			org.w3c.dom.Element name3 = document.createElement("name");
			name3.setTextContent("C#");
			org.w3c.dom.Element ide3 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide3.setTextContent("Visual Studio");
			// 实现节点的包装			
			lan3.appendChild(name3);// 添加子节点
			lan3.appendChild(ide3);

			root.appendChild(lan1);
			root.appendChild(lan2);
			root.appendChild(lan3);

			document.appendChild(root);
			// ---------------------输出
			/*
			 * 先翻译在输出
			 */
			//输出到控制台
			TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
			Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
			StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
			transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(writer));
			System.out.println(writer.toString());
			//输出到文件
			transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File("newxml.xml")));
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace(); 
		} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (TransformerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}