SpringMVC01-快速搭建项目-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_41293896/article/details/103532590

参考：

1.maven学习：https://how2j.cn/k/maven/maven-introduction/1328.html?p=36286

2.SpringMVC框架学习：https://how2j.cn/k/springmvc/springmvc-springmvc/615.html?p=36286

一、需求：

利用SpringMVC搭建一个项目。

二、步骤：

1.pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.eleven</groupId>
	<artifactId>springmvc02</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>

	<properties>
		<!-- Generic properties -->
		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<!-- Web -->
		<jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
		<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
		<servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
		<!-- Spring -->
		<spring-framework.version>4.1.5.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
		<!-- Logging -->
		<logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
		<slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax</groupId>
			<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
			<version>7.0</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Spring MVC -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 其他web依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>${jstl.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${servlet.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>${jsp.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Spring and Transactions -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 使用SLF4J和LogBack作为日志 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.16</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
			<version>${logback.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
			<version>${logback.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
			<version>${logback.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!--对json和xml格式的支持 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.3</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- file upload -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 非必需，可简化IO操作 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
			<version>2.3</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>


		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>${java.version}</source>
					<target>${java.version}</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.3</version>
				<configuration>
					<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

2.配置日志logback.xml（超级方便）

此处xml需要放置在src/main/resources下面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/xmlspec/dtd/2.10/xmlspec.dtd">
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="1 seconds">

    <contextListener class="ch.qos.logback.classic.jul.LevelChangePropagator">
        <resetJUL>true</resetJUL>
    </contextListener>

    <jmxConfigurator/>

    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>logbak: %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

      <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"/>
    <root level="info">
        <appender-ref ref="console"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

3.新建index.jsp页面

此处jsp页面建立在src/main/resources/views目录下

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>欢迎访问SpringMVC</title>
</head>
<body>
	<pre>
		SpringMVC
	</pre>
</body>
</html>

4.SpringMVC的配置

放在com.eleven包下面

package com.eleven;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

@Configuration // 声明当前类是一个配置类
@EnableWebMvc // 开启SpringMVC的注解
@ComponentScan("com.eleven") // 自动扫描包下面的注解和配置
public class MyMvcConfig {

	/**
	 * 01-此处配置了JSP的，用来映射路径和实际页面的位置
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
		InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
		viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
		return viewResolver;
	}

}

5.Web配置（相当于是web.xml）

package com.eleven;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration.Dynamic;

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {// 实现该接口，相当于是web.xml

	@Override
	public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
		AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
		ctx.register(MyMvcConfig.class);
		ctx.setServletContext(servletContext);	// 将它和当前的servletContext关联
		
		Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx));	// 注册SpringMVC的dispatcher（前置控制器）
		servlet.addMapping("/");
		servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
	}

}

6.控制层编写

package com.eleven.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller // 返回的是字符串，与html页面配合使用
public class HelloController {

	@RequestMapping("/index") // 处理地址请求映射
	public String hello() {
		return "index"; // 返回index页面，说明我们将页面放置在/WEB-INF/classes/views/index.jsp
	}

}

7.运行访问

输入地址：http://localhost:8080/springmvc02/index

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三、小插曲

01-eclipse项目没错但是报红叉：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_27790011/article/details/78357528

02-xml文件前面黄色感叹号，加入下面这个：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/xmlspec/dtd/2.10/xmlspec.dtd">