基于Linux系统离线安装oracle数据库

注意事项:
在安装的时候多次涉及root用户和oracle用户的切换,请注意区分,本文已明显

一、环境准备

在这里插入图片描述

1、关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

在这里插入图片描述

2、 禁用NetworkManager服务(非必须)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager

Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/NetworkManager.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/network-online.target.wants/NetworkManager-wait-online.service.

3、禁用SELINUX

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i "/^SELINUX=/s#enforcing#disabled#" /etc/selinux/config

在这里插入图片描述

4、配置HOSTS解析

[root@localhost ~]# cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
> 192.168.8.220 host_db
> EOF

5、修改主机名称

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname host_db

6、创建组和用户

创建dba和onstall两个用户组

[root@host-db ~]# groupadd dba
[root@host-db ~]# groupadd oper
[root@host-db~]# groupadd oinstall

创建oracle用户

[root@host-db ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

配置oracle用户密码

[root@host-db ~]# echo "oracle"|passwd --stdin oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

7、创建安装目录并赋权

创建目录

[root@host-db /]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/oraInventory
[root@host-db /]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1 

赋权

[root@host-db /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
[root@host-db /]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle

8、配置用户环境变量(在oracle用户下)

[oracle@host-db ~]$su - oracle
[oracle@host-db ~]$ vi .bash_profile
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME= host_db
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
source ~/.bash_profile
echo $ORACLE_HOME

9、配置系统环境变量

#在 /etc/profile.d目录下创建存放oracle的环境,名字可以随意,但是必须以sh结尾

[root@host-db /]# vi /etc/profile.d/env_oracle.sh 
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then  
    if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
        ulimit -n 65536
    else
        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

10、修改系统内核参数

[root@host-db /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.sem = 513065280510256
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmmax = 549755813888
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 900065500

11、配置LIMITS限制参数

[root@host-db sys]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
 oracle          soft    nproc           16384
 oracle          hard    nproc           16384
 oracle          soft    nofile          65536
 oracle          hard    nofile          65536
 oracle          soft    memlock         3145728
 oracle          hard    memlock         3145728

二、安装Oracle 19C 软件

基本都在oracle用户下操作,个别需要在root用户下执行,已明确标出,请注意查看

0、离线安装所需依赖(在root用户下)

[root@host-db opt]# unzip base.zip
在这里插入图片描述

[root@host-db opt]# cd base
[root@host-db base]# rpm -Uvh *.rpm --nodeps --force

在这里插入图片描述

0.0、检查依赖是否都存在

[root@host_db 19cc]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

在这里插入图片描述
如果检查完发现还缺少依赖,可以自行下载,一般情况下所给的依赖已经很全了。
rpm依赖下载地址:rpm依赖

2.1、解压数据库软件(roacle用户下)

# root用户下
[root@host-db ~]$ mv /opt/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
# 切换oracle用户下
[root@host-db home]# su - oracle
[oracle@host-db ~]$ unzip -q LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME

在这里插入图片描述

2.2、开始安装数据库软件(需要在oracle用户下)

2.2.1、编写相应文件db_install.rsp

[oracle@host-db response]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY 
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall 
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/app/oracle/oraInventory
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet= ZHS16GBK
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

2.2.2/运行安装命令

[oracle@host-db ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@host-db ~]$ ./runInstaller -silent -skipPrereqs -responseFile ./install/response/db_install.rsp

在这里插入图片描述
根据提示,使用root账号执行以上两个脚本

[root@host_db 19cc]# /opt/oracle/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@host_db 19cc]# /opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

在这里插入图片描述

2.3、创建监听

[oracle@host-db db_1]$ netca -silent -responseFile /opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

在这里插入图片描述

2.3.1、查看监听状态

lsnrctl status

在这里插入图片描述

2.4、创建数据库

2.4.1、编写相应文件

[oracle@host-db db_1]$ vim /opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
gdbName=orcl
sid=orcl
databaseConfigType=SI
createAsContainerDatabase=false
templateName=General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=oracle
systemPassword=oracle

2.4.2、运行安装命

[oracle@host-db db_1]$dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /opt/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp

在这里插入图片描述

2.4.3、测试是否可用

[oracle@host_db admin]$sqlplus / nolog
SQL>conn sys/oracle as sysdba

在这里插入图片描述

包涵以下版本的87个安装包: bind-libs-9.9.4-61.el7.x86_64.rpm bind-libs-lite-9.9.4-61.el7.x86_64.rpm bind-license-9.9.4-61.el7.noarch.rpm bind-utils-9.9.4-61.el7.x86_64.rpm compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm cpp-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-0.160-1.el7.i686.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-0.160-1.el7.x86_64.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.160-1.el7.i686.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.160-1.el7.x86_64.rpm gcc-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.17-222.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.17-78.el7.i686.rpm glibc-2.17-78.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-common-2.17-222.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-devel-2.17-222.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-devel-2.17-78.el7.i686.rpm glibc-devel-2.17-78.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-headers-2.17-222.el7.x86_64.rpm gssproxy-0.7.0-17.el7.x86_64.rpm kernel-container-3.10.0-0.0.0.2.el7.x86_64.rpm kernel-headers-3.10.0-862.9.1.el7.x86_64.rpm keyutils-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm ksh-20120801-137.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm libbasicobjects-0.1.1-29.el7.x86_64.rpm libcollection-0.7.0-29.el7.x86_64.rpm libdmx-1.1.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm libevent-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm libgomp-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm libICE-1.0.9-9.el7.x86_64.rpm libini_config-1.3.1-29.el7.x86_64.rpm libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm libnfsidmap-0.25-19.el7.x86_64.rpm libpath_utils-0.2.1-29.el7.x86_64.rpm libref_array-0.1.5-29.el7.x86_64.rpm libselinux-2.5-12.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libselinux-python-2.5-12.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libselinux-utils-2.5-12.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libsepol-2.5-8.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libSM-1.2.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-28.0.1.el7_5.1.x86_64.rpm libtirpc-0.2.4-0.10.el7.x86_64.rpm libverto-libevent-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm libX11-1.6.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libX11-common-1.6.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libxcb-1.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXext-1.3.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm libXi-1.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXinerama-1.1.3-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXmu-1.1.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm libXrandr-1.5.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm libXrender-0.9.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXt-1.1.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm libXtst-1.2.3-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXv-1.0.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXxf86dga-1.1.4-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXxf86misc-1.0.3-7.1.el7.x86_64.rpm libXxf86vm-1.1.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-4.20160601gitf9185e5.el7.x86_64.rpm mailx-12.5-19.el7.x86_64.rpm mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm net-tools-2.0-0.22.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.54.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-5.el7.x86_64.rpm policycoreutils-2.5-22.0.1.el7.x86_64.rpm psmisc-22.20-15.el7.x86_64.rpm quota-4.01-17.el7.x86_64.rpm quota-nls-4.01-17.el7.noarch.rpm rpcbind-0.2.0-44.el7.x86_64.rpm selinux-policy-3.13.1-192.0.3.el7_5.4.noarch.rpm selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-192.0.3.el7_5.4.noarch.rpm smartmontools-6.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm sysstat-10.1.5-13.el7.x86_64.rpm tcp_wrappers-7.6-77.el7.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-2.3.1-10.el7.i686.rpm unixODBC-2.3.1-10.el7.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-10.el7.i686.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-10.el7.x86_64.rpm unzip-6.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm xorg-x11-utils-7.5-22.el7.x86_64.rpm xorg-x11-xauth-1.0.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 安装方法直接输入: rpm -ivh *.rpm --nodeps --force
评论 1
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值