PHP或JAVA验证身份证号码的格式和校验位是否正确

PHP实现的方式

$city = [11 => "北京", 12 => "天津", 13 => "河北", 14 => "山西", 15 => "内蒙古", 21 => "辽宁", 22 => "吉林", 23 => "黑龙江 ", 31 => "上海", 32 => "江苏", 33 => "浙江", 34 => "安徽", 35 => "福建", 36 => "江西", 37 => "山东", 41 => "河南", 42 => "湖北 ", 43 => "湖南", 44 => "广东", 45 => "广西", 46 => "海南", 50 => "重庆", 51 => "四川", 52 => "贵州", 53 => "云南", 54 => "西藏 ", 61 => "陕西", 62 => "甘肃", 63 => "青海", 64 => "宁夏", 65 => "新疆", 71 => "台湾", 81 => "香港", 82 => "澳门", 91 => "国外 "];
$tip = "";
$match = "/^\d{6}(18|19|20)?\d{2}(0[1-9]|1[012])(0[1-9]|[12]\d|3[01])\d{3}(\d|X)$/";
$pass = true;
if (!$card || !preg_match($match, $card)) {
    //身份证格式错误
    $pass = false;
} else if (!$city[substr($card, 0, 2)]) {
    //地址错误
    $pass = false;
} else {
    //18位身份证需要验证最后一位校验位
    if (strlen($card) == 18) {
        $card = str_split($card);
        //∑(ai×Wi)(mod 11)
        //加权因子
        $factor = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2];
        //校验位
        $parity = [1, 0, 'X', 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2];
        $sum = 0;
        $ai = 0;
        $wi = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < 17; $i++) {
            $ai = $card[$i];
            $wi = $factor[$i];
            $sum += $ai * $wi;
        }
        $last = $parity[$sum % 11];
        if ($parity[$sum % 11] != $card[17]) {
            //                        $tip = "校验位错误";
            $pass = false;
        }
    } else {
        $pass = false;
    }
}
if (!$pass) return false;/* 身份证格式错误*/
return true;/* 身份证格式正确*/

JAVA实现方式

private static final String MATCH_PATTERN = "/^\\d{6}(18|19|20)?\\d{2}(0[1-9]|1[012])(0[1-9]|[12]\\d|3[01])\\d{3}(\\d|X)$/";
private static final int[] FACTOR = {7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2};
private static final char[] PARITY = {'1', '0', 'X', '9', '8', '7', '6', '5', '4', '3', '2'};
private static final int MOD = 11;

public static boolean validateCard(String card) {
    if (card == null || !card.matches(MATCH_PATTERN)) {
        return false; // 身份证格式错误
    }
    String provinceCode = getProvinceCode(card);
    if (provinceCode == null) {
        return false; // 地址错误
    }
    if (card.length() == 18) { // 18位身份证需要验证最后一位校验位
        int sum = getCheckSum(card);
        char lastChar = card.charAt(17);
        if (lastChar != getParity(sum % MOD)) {
            return false; // 校验位错误
        }
    }
    return true; // 身份证格式正确
}

private static String getProvinceCode(String card) {
    // 根据身份证前两位获取省份代码
    String provinceCode = CITY_MAP.get(Integer.parseInt(card.substring(0, 2)));
    return provinceCode;
}

private static int getCheckSum(String card) {
    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 17; i++) {
        int ai = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(card.charAt(i)));
        int wi = FACTOR[i];
        sum += ai * wi;
    }
    return sum;
}

private static char getParity(int sum) {
    return PARITY[sum % MOD];
}

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