快速开发框架SpringBoot-学习日记（五）

第2章 Spring Boot重要用法

单元测试

要保证两点：

1. pom中要有测试的依赖（只要你不专门删除，SpringBoot中就存在该依赖）

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

2. 测试类在src/test/java目录中已经创建好了，需要在测试类类头上要添加两个注解

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
// classes用于指定被测内容的启动类
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application09Test.class)
public class Application09TestTests {

    @Autowired
    private SomeService service;
    @Test
    public void doSome() {
        System.out.println(service.doSome());
    }
}

Spring Boot中使用拦截器

定义拦截器

public class SomeIntercepter implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {
        System.out.println("执行拦截器");
        return true;
    }
}

定义拦截器注册类

@Configuration  // 表示当前类充当着Spring配置文件
public class MyConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    @Override
    protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new SomeIntercepter())
                // .addPathPatterns("/**/some");   // 表示拦截所有以/some结尾的请求
                // .addPathPatterns("/test/**");   // 表示拦截所有以/test开头的请求
                    // 除了/other结尾的请求外，拦截所有请求
                   .addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/**/other");
    }
}

Spring Boot中使用Servlet

配置类方式

适用于Servlet2.5及Servlet3.0及以上版本

1. 定义Servlet

public class SomeServlet extends HttpServlet {

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.getWriter().println("spring boot servlet");
    }
}

2. 定义配置类

@Configuration
public class ConsumerApplicationContext {

    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean<SomeServlet> getServletBean() {
        SomeServlet someServlet = new SomeServlet();
        return new ServletRegistrationBean<SomeServlet>(someServlet, "/some");
    }
}

注解方式

仅适用于Servlet3.0及其以上版本

1. 定义Servlet。该Servlet上需要使用@WebServlet注解

@WebServlet("/some")
public class SomeServlet extends HttpServlet {

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.getWriter().println("spring boot servlet");
    }
}

2. 在启动类上添加如下注解

// 需要指定要扫描的Servlet所在的包路径
@ServletComponentScan("com.bjpowernode.servlet")
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

Spring Boot中使用Filter

配置类方式

适用于Servlet2.5及Servlet3.0及以上版本

1. 定义Filter

public class SomeFilter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("执行过滤器");
        chain.doFilter(req, resp);
    }
}

2. 定义配置类
   在配置类中添加如下方法

    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean<SomeFilter> getFilterBean() {
        SomeFilter someFilter = new SomeFilter();
        FilterRegistrationBean<SomeFilter> registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(someFilter);
        registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
        return registrationBean;
    }

注解方式

仅适用于Servlet3.0及其以上版本

1. 定义Filter。该Filter上需要使用@WebFilter注解

@WebFilter("/*")
public class SomeFilter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("执行过滤器");
        chain.doFilter(req, resp);
    }
}

2. 在启动类上添加如下注解

// 需要指定要扫描的Servlet及Filter所在的包路径
@ServletComponentScan("com.bjpowernode.*")
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

基于war的spring boot工程

创建工程时选择war，而非jar即可。

创建非web工程

1. 在创建工程时不要导入web依赖
2. 在启动类中可以获取到Spring容器对象

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 获取Spring容器对象
        ConfigurableApplicationContext ac = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        SomeService service = (SomeService) ac.getBean("someServiceImpl");
        System.out.println(service.doSome());
    }
}

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