STM32的内部Flash读写

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-02 15:43:10 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-02 15:43:10 发布 · 7.7k 阅读

20 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#stm32 #flash #库

工作专栏收录该内容

22 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了STM32F103系列微控制器内部Flash的操作方法，包括清除标志、擦除页面及编程等核心函数的实现原理与使用流程。适用于所有STM32F10x设备。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

内部Flash官方手册介绍

STM官方关于stm32F103系列的芯片有一个专门介绍flash读写的手册。STM32F100xx超值型产品闪存编程手册

通过J-Link查看自己的芯片内部的flash大小。我的大小为512k 是high-density

手册中对应的内存表为：

相关库函数

在stm32f10x_flash.c文件中官方为我们定义好的很多关于内部flash操作的函数。

/**
  * @brief  Clears the FLASH's pending flags.
  * @note   This function can be used for all STM32F10x devices.
  *         - For STM32F10X_XL devices, this function clears Bank1 or Bank2’s pending flags
  *         - For other devices, it clears Bank1’s pending flags.
  * @param  FLASH_FLAG: specifies the FLASH flags to clear.
  *   This parameter can be any combination of the following values:         
  *     @arg FLASH_FLAG_PGERR: FLASH Program error flag       
  *     @arg FLASH_FLAG_WRPRTERR: FLASH Write protected error flag      
  *     @arg FLASH_FLAG_EOP: FLASH End of Operation flag           
  * @retval None
  */
void FLASH_ClearFlag(uint32_t FLASH_FLAG)
{
#ifdef STM32F10X_XL
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_FLASH_CLEAR_FLAG(FLASH_FLAG)) ;

  if((FLASH_FLAG & 0x80000000) != 0x0)
  {
    /* Clear the flags */
    FLASH->SR2 = FLASH_FLAG;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Clear the flags */
    FLASH->SR = FLASH_FLAG;
  }  

#else
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_FLASH_CLEAR_FLAG(FLASH_FLAG)) ;
  
  /* Clear the flags */
  FLASH->SR = FLASH_FLAG;
#endif /* STM32F10X_XL */
}

/**
  * @brief  Erases a specified FLASH page.
  * @note   This function can be used for all STM32F10x devices.
  * @param  Page_Address: The page address to be erased.
  * @retval FLASH Status: The returned value can be: FLASH_BUSY, FLASH_ERROR_PG,
  *         FLASH_ERROR_WRP, FLASH_COMPLETE or FLASH_TIMEOUT.
  */
FLASH_Status FLASH_ErasePage(uint32_t Page_Address)
{
  FLASH_Status status = FLASH_COMPLETE;
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_FLASH_ADDRESS(Page_Address));

#ifdef STM32F10X_XL
  if(Page_Address < FLASH_BANK1_END_ADDRESS)  
  {
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank1Operation(EraseTimeout);
    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    { 
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to erase the page */
      FLASH->CR|= CR_PER_Set;
      FLASH->AR = Page_Address; 
      FLASH->CR|= CR_STRT_Set;
    
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank1Operation(EraseTimeout);

      /* Disable the PER Bit */
      FLASH->CR &= CR_PER_Reset;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(EraseTimeout);
    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    { 
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to erase the page */
      FLASH->CR2|= CR_PER_Set;
      FLASH->AR2 = Page_Address; 
      FLASH->CR2|= CR_STRT_Set;
    
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(EraseTimeout);
      
      /* Disable the PER Bit */
      FLASH->CR2 &= CR_PER_Reset;
    }
  }
#else
  /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
  status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(EraseTimeout);
  
  if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
  { 
    /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to erase the page */
    FLASH->CR|= CR_PER_Set;   //PERÖÃ1£¬Ñ¡ÔñÒ³²Á³ý²Ù×÷
    FLASH->AR = Page_Address; //Òª²Á³ýÒ³ËùÔÚµØÖ·
    FLASH->CR|= CR_STRT_Set;  // STRTÎ»ÖÃ1£¬Æô¶¯²Á³ý²Ù×÷
    
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(EraseTimeout);
    
    /* Disable the PER Bit */
    FLASH->CR &= CR_PER_Reset;
  }
#endif /* STM32F10X_XL */

  /* Return the Erase Status */
  return status;
}

/**
  * @brief  Programs a word at a specified address.
  * @note   This function can be used for all STM32F10x devices.
  * @param  Address: specifies the address to be programmed.
  * @param  Data: specifies the data to be programmed.
  * @retval FLASH Status: The returned value can be: FLASH_ERROR_PG,
  *         FLASH_ERROR_WRP, FLASH_COMPLETE or FLASH_TIMEOUT. 
  */
FLASH_Status FLASH_ProgramWord(uint32_t Address, uint32_t Data)
{
  FLASH_Status status = FLASH_COMPLETE;
  __IO uint32_t tmp = 0;

  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_FLASH_ADDRESS(Address));

#ifdef STM32F10X_XL
  if(Address < FLASH_BANK1_END_ADDRESS - 2)
  { 
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank1Operation(ProgramTimeout); 
    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    {
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new first 
        half word */
      FLASH->CR |= CR_PG_Set;
  
      *(__IO uint16_t*)Address = (uint16_t)Data;
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(ProgramTimeout);
 
      if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
      {
        /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new second 
        half word */
        tmp = Address + 2;

        *(__IO uint16_t*) tmp = Data >> 16;
    
        /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
        status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(ProgramTimeout);
        
        /* Disable the PG Bit */
        FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
      }
      else
      {
        /* Disable the PG Bit */
        FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
       }
    }
  }
  else if(Address == (FLASH_BANK1_END_ADDRESS - 1))
  {
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank1Operation(ProgramTimeout);

    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    {
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new first 
        half word */
      FLASH->CR |= CR_PG_Set;
  
      *(__IO uint16_t*)Address = (uint16_t)Data;

      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank1Operation(ProgramTimeout);
      
	  /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }

    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(ProgramTimeout);

    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    {
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new second 
      half word */
      FLASH->CR2 |= CR_PG_Set;
      tmp = Address + 2;

      *(__IO uint16_t*) tmp = Data >> 16;
    
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(ProgramTimeout);
        
      /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR2 &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR2 &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(ProgramTimeout);

    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    {
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new first 
        half word */
      FLASH->CR2 |= CR_PG_Set;
  
      *(__IO uint16_t*)Address = (uint16_t)Data;
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(ProgramTimeout);
 
      if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
      {
        /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new second 
        half word */
        tmp = Address + 2;

        *(__IO uint16_t*) tmp = Data >> 16;
    
        /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
        status = FLASH_WaitForLastBank2Operation(ProgramTimeout);
        
        /* Disable the PG Bit */
        FLASH->CR2 &= CR_PG_Reset;
      }
      else
      {
        /* Disable the PG Bit */
        FLASH->CR2 &= CR_PG_Reset;
      }
    }
  }
#else
  /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
  status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(ProgramTimeout);
  
  if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
  {
    /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new first 
    half word */
    FLASH->CR |= CR_PG_Set;
  
    *(__IO uint16_t*)Address = (uint16_t)Data;
    /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
    status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(ProgramTimeout);
 
    if(status == FLASH_COMPLETE)
    {
      /* if the previous operation is completed, proceed to program the new second 
      half word */
      tmp = Address + 2;

      *(__IO uint16_t*) tmp = Data >> 16;
    
      /* Wait for last operation to be completed */
      status = FLASH_WaitForLastOperation(ProgramTimeout);
        
      /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Disable the PG Bit */
      FLASH->CR &= CR_PG_Reset;
    }
  }         
#endif /* STM32F10X_XL */
   
  /* Return the Program Status */
  return status;
}

Flash读写函数的实现

这里用的基地址为0x0807 F800

#include "stm32f10x_flash.h"
#define START_ADDR 0x0807F800

void FLASH_WriteByte(u32 addr,uint32_t Data)
{
	
	FLASH_Status FLASHstatus = FLASH_COMPLETE;
	FLASH_Unlock();
	FLASH_ClearFlag(FLASH_FLAG_BSY|FLASH_FLAG_EOP|FLASH_FLAG_PGERR|FLASH_FLAG_WRPRTERR); 
 FLASHstatus=FLASH_ErasePage(START_ADDR);
	if(FLASHstatus == FLASH_COMPLETE)
	{
		FLASHstatus = FLASH_ProgramWord(START_ADDR+addr*2, Data);
	}
	FLASH_Lock();
}



uint32_t FlashRead(uint32_t addr, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t length)  
{  
  memcpy(buffer, (void *)(START_ADDR + addr*2), length);  
  
  return length;  
}