MAVEN SSH框架整合（XML篇）

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本文详细介绍SSH框架（Spring+Struts2+Hibernate）的搭建过程，包括环境配置、Maven项目创建、各模块间的集成与测试等内容。

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SSH框架是Spring+Struts2+Hibernate的统称。是中小型企业快速开发web项目的常用框架。其中Spring容器主要用于提供IOC和AOP，Struts2提供了更优秀的MVC编程框架，简化了开发复杂度，Hibernate是一种ORM框架，它对JDBC一个轻量级的封装，简化了对数据库的操作。

开发环境：win7
开发工具：Eclipse Neon 2
JDK版本：1.8
Tomcat：8.5
数据库：mysql

一，创建一个maven项目

创建一个maven项目

目录结构

二，导入hibernate

pom.xml 引入Servlet,Hibernate,以及Mysql的依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.knight</groupId>
  <artifactId>knight_ssh</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>knight_ssh Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入Servlet依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入Hibernate依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.12.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入Mysql依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.43</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>knight_ssh</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

Student.java 测试实体类

package com.knight.entity;

public class Student {

    private int student_id;//id

    private String student_no;//編號

    private String student_name;//姓名

    private int student_age;//年齡

    public Student() {
        super();
    }

    public Student(String student_no, String student_name, int student_age) {
        super();
        this.student_no = student_no;
        this.student_name = student_name;
        this.student_age = student_age;
    }

    public Student(int student_id, String student_no, String student_name, int student_age) {
        super();
        this.student_id = student_id;
        this.student_no = student_no;
        this.student_name = student_name;
        this.student_age = student_age;
    }

    public int getStudent_id() {
        return student_id;
    }

    public void setStudent_id(int student_id) {
        this.student_id = student_id;
    }

    public String getStudent_no() {
        return student_no;
    }

    public void setStudent_no(String student_no) {
        this.student_no = student_no;
    }

    public String getStudent_name() {
        return student_name;
    }

    public void setStudent_name(String student_name) {
        this.student_name = student_name;
    }

    public int getStudent_age() {
        return student_age;
    }

    public void setStudent_age(int student_age) {
        this.student_age = student_age;
    }

}

Student.hbm.xml Student映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.knight.entity.Student" table="student">
        <id name="student_id" type="int">
            <column name="STUDENT_ID" />
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="student_no" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="STUDENT_NO" />
        </property>
        <property name="student_name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="STUDENT_NAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="student_age" type="int">
            <column name="STUDENT_AGE" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

resources/hibernate.cfg.xml hibernate配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3360/test</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">abc</property>

        <!-- 显示SQL语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <!-- 格式化SQL语句 -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>

        <!-- table创建语句 -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

        <!-- 关联映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="com/knight/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>


    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

TestHibernate.java 测试hibernate可否连接数据库

package com.knight.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.knight.entity.Student;

public class TestHibernate {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        //测试Hibernate框架，对数据进行CRUD
        //01.读取Hibernate配置文件
        Configuration configuration=new Configuration().configure();
        //02.通过configuration获取SessionFactory
        SessionFactory sessionFactory=configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        //03.通过sessionFactory获取session
        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();
        //04.开启事务
        Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
        //05.操作
        session.save(new Student("xx", "xxx", 18));
        //06.提交事务
        transaction.commit();
        //07.管理
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
}

三，导入spring

pom.xml中加入spring的依赖

    <!-- 引入Spring依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入c3p0数据库连接池 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入Hibernate整合Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 引入spring-aspects:解析事务的表达式 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

BaseDao.java dao的底层接口

package com.knight.base;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public interface BaseDao<K> {

    //增加
    public void add(K k);
}

BaseBiz.java biz的底层接口

package com.knight.base;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface BaseBiz<K> {

    Map<String, Object> queryDateList(String sql, int page, int count);

    //查询所有
    public List<K> queryList(String sql,Integer begin,Integer end);

    //查询单个
    public K query(Serializable serializable);

    //增加
    public void add(K k);

    //修改
    public void update(K k);

    //删除
    public void delete(K k);
}

StudentDaoImpl.java 实现BaseDao

package com.knight.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.knight.base.BaseDao;
import com.knight.entity.Student;

public class StudentDaoImpl implements BaseDao<Student> {

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return sessionFactory;
    }

    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
    }

    public Session getSession() {
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    }

    //查询所有
    public List<Student> queryList(String sql, Integer begin, Integer end) {
        return getSession().createQuery("from Student", Student.class).setFirstResult(begin).setMaxResults(end).getResultList();
    }

    //查询单个
    public Student query(Serializable serializable) {
        return getSession().get(Student.class, serializable);
    }

    //增加
    public void add(Student student) {
        getSession().persist(student);
    }

    //修改
    public void update(Student student) {
        getSession().update(student);
    }

    //修改
    public void delete(Student student) {
        getSession().delete(student);
    }

    public Integer getInt(String sql) {
        return ((Number) getSession().createQuery(sql).uniqueResult()).intValue();
    }

}

StudentBizImpl.java 实现BaseBiz

package com.knight.biz;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.knight.base.BaseBiz;
import com.knight.base.BaseDao;
import com.knight.entity.Student;

public class StudentBizImpl implements BaseBiz<Student> {

    private BaseDao<Student> baseDao;

    public BaseDao<Student> getBaseDao() {
        return baseDao;
    }

    public void setBaseDao(BaseDao<Student> baseDao) {
        this.baseDao = baseDao;
    }

    //增加
    public void add(Student student) {
        baseDao.add(student);
    }
}

目录结构

resources/hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

<!--        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3360/test</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">abc</property> -->

        <!-- 显示SQL语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <!-- 格式化SQL语句 -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>

<!--         table创建语句
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

        关联映射文件
        <mapping resource="com/knight/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/> -->


    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

resources/db.properties

uname=root
upass=abc
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

initPoolSize=5
maxPoolSize=20

resources/applicationContext-public.xml spring的核心配置

配置数据源，配置sessionFactory，配置事务管理器，配置事务的属性及切点

spring的配置名格式须一致applicationContext-xxxx.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">


    <!-- 引入db.properties -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!-- 配置数据源：配置数据库连接池c3p0 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${uname}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${upass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property>

        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置sessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 引入数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!-- 加载hibernate配置文件 -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
        <!-- 加载映射文件 -->
        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/knight/entity/*.hbm.xml"></property>     
    </bean>


    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务的属性 -->
    <tx:advice id="myAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 配置事务的切点 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.knight.dao.*.*(..))" id="myPoint"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="myAdvice" pointcut-ref="myPoint"/>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

resources/applicationContext-dao.xml spring关于dao层的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="studentDaoImpl" class="com.knight.dao.StudentDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

resources/applicationContext-biz.xml spring关于biz层的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="studentBizImpl" class="com.knight.biz.StudentBizImpl">
        <property name="baseDao" ref="studentDaoImpl"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

TestSpring.java 测试spring可否操控数据库

package com.knight.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.knight.biz.StudentBizImpl;
import com.knight.entity.Student;

public class TestSpring {
    @Test
    public void test() {
        //读取spring配置文件
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"applicationContext-public.xml","applicationContext-biz.xml","applicationContext-dao.xml"});
        StudentBizImpl personBiz= (StudentBizImpl) ac.getBean("studentBizImpl");
        personBiz.add(new Student("xx", "xxx", 18));
    }
}

四，导入Struts

pom.xml中加入struts 的依赖

<!-- 引入Struts2依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.33</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- struts2整合Spring的 插件包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- log4J -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- fastjson -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.30</version>
    </dependency>

pom.xml中加入tomcat的插件

    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>80</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>

BaseAction.java

package com.knight.base;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

public abstract class BaseAction {

    private HttpServletRequest request;
    private HttpServletResponse response;

    public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
        return request;
    }

    public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        this.request = request;
    }

    public HttpServletResponse getResponse() {
        return response;
    }

    public void setResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
        this.response = response;
    }

    //初始化
    public void initialize(){
        request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
        response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
    }

    public void write(Object object) throws IOException{
        response.setContentType("text/html,charset=utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.getWriter().write(JSON.toJSONString(object));
    }
}

resources/applicationContext-action.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="studentAction" class="com.knight.action.StudentAction" scope="prototype">
        <property name="baseBiz" ref="studentBizImpl"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

resources/struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

    <struts>
        <package name="myPackage" extends="struts-default">
            <action name="*_*" class="{1}Action" method="{2}">
                <result>/success.jsp</result>
            </action>
        </package>

    </struts>

StudentAction.java

package com.knight.action;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.knight.base.BaseAction;
import com.knight.base.BaseBiz;
import com.knight.entity.Student;

public class StudentAction extends BaseAction{

    private BaseBiz<Student> baseBiz;

    public BaseBiz<Student> getBaseBiz() {
        return baseBiz;
    }

    public void setBaseBiz(BaseBiz<Student> baseBiz) {
        this.baseBiz = baseBiz;
    }
    //增加
    public void add() throws Exception {
        initialize();
        String dataJson = getRequest().getParameter("dataJson");
        Student student = null;
        if(dataJson==null||dataJson.equals("")){
        }else{
            student = JSON.parseObject(dataJson,Student.class);
            baseBiz.add(student);
        }
    }
}

webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml 配置spring，struts2

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 加载struts2 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 加载spring -->

    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

</web-app>