Python format 格式化 总结 大量 实例

测试format的不同用法

# 格式化{{}} 等于{}
print('{{ hello {0} }}'.format('Kevin'))  # { hello Kevin }


# test 同一个参数指定多个位置
print('\n   同一个参数多个位置调用')
print('Hi, I am {0}, my {1} is {0}'.format('jimmy', 'name')) # Hi, I am jimmy, my name is jimmy


# 对齐与填充
print('\n 对齐与填充')
import math

print('{:o<10}'.format(12345))  # 12345ooooo  左对齐 填充o 宽度10
print('{:x>20.15f}'.format(math.pi))  # xxx3.141592653589793  右对齐 填充x 保留小数15 宽度20
print('{:x> 20.15f}'.format(math.pi))  # xx 3.141592653589793  右对齐 填充x 保留小数15 宽度20
print('{:x>+20.15f}'.format(math.pi))  # xx+3.141592653589793  右对齐 填充x 保留小数15 宽度20
print('{:x>+20.15f}'.format(-3.141592653589793111))  # xx-3.141592653589793  右对齐 填充x 保留小数15 宽度20
print('{:+^10d}'.format(123))  # +++123++++  中间对齐 填充+ 宽度10
print('{:,}'.format(1234567890))  # 1,234,567,890  以逗号分隔的数字格式
print('{:.2%}'.format(0.1))  # 10.00%   百分比格式 保留小数2


# 通过字典设置参数
print('\n   通过字典调用')
dict2 = {'name': 'jimmy', 'gender': 'male'}
print('my name is: {name}, gender is {gender}'.format(**dict2))  # 注意需要两个**在字典之前 my name is: jimmy, gender is male
print('name:{d[name]},  gender:{d[gender]}'.format(d=dict2))  # 赋值给d  name:jimmy,  gender:male

print('\n   序列化字典的输出')
dict1 = {'jimmy': 100, 'tom': 88, 'penny': 99}

for en, (k, v)  in enumerate(dict1.items(),1): # 把每一个 item 绑定序号, enumerate([迭代器], [开始的号码])

    print('NO:{{{}}} ---- name: {:<6}  score: {:>3}'.format(en, k, v))
# NO:{1} ---- name: jimmy   score: 100
# NO:{2} ---- name: tom     score:  88
# NO:{3} ---- name: penny   score:  99


# 调用类的属性和方法
print('\n   调用类的属性方法')

class Teacher():
    job = 'teacher'

    def speak(self):
        return 'good good study!!!'

print('as a {t.job}, I have to talk you that {t.speak}'.format(t=Teacher()))  # 无法在{}里面调用 类的方法
# as a teacher, I have to talk you that <bound method Teacher.speak of <__main__.Teacher object at 0x000002057CC8A240>>

print('as a {}, I have to talk you that {}'.format(Teacher().job, Teacher().speak()))  # 无法调用 类的方法
# as a teacher, I have to talk you that good good study!!!


# 魔法参数
print('\n   魔法参数')
args = ['jimmy', 'penny']
kwargs = {'name1': 'jack', 'name2': 'king'}
print("this is {1} calling, I want to speak with {name2}, tell him {0} married with {name1}".format(*args, **kwargs))
# this is penny calling, I want to speak with king, tell him jimmy married with jack


# 调用函数
print('\n   调用函数')

def speak():
    return 'do you think am I'

print('{} very good?'.format(speak()))
# do you think am I very good?


# 设置格式
print('\n   设置格式')
text1 = 'I feel good'
text1_formated = '{:-^30}'.format(text1)
print(text1_formated)  # ---------I feel good----------
text1_formated2 = '{:=^50}'.format(text1_formated)
print(text1_formated2)  # ==========---------I feel good----------==========


# 浓缩一下
def text_formater(text):
    text_formated = '{:=^50} '.format(' {:-^30} '.format(' ' + str(text) + ' '))
    print(text_formated)

text_formater('Tile 123')  # ========= ---------- Tile 123 ---------- =========