SpringCloud 微服务 初学习仅试验 理论待更新(Eureka Ribbon Feign Hystrix Zuul))

于 2020-11-28 16:30:17 发布
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文章标签： springcloud 微服务 eureka ribbon hystrix
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_36554778/article/details/110285756
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微服务条目技术
服务开发SpringBoot, Sprin,g SpringMVC
服务注册与发现Eureka, Consul, Zookerrper
服务调用Rest, RPC, gRPC
服务熔断器Hystrix, Envoy
负载均衡Ribbon, Nginx
服务器接口调用Feign
消息队列Kafka, RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ
服务配置中心管理SpringCloudConfig
服务路由(API网关)Zuul

依赖版本

依赖版本
SpringCloudHoxton.SR8
SpringBoot2.3.3.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-openfeign2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard2.2.5.RELEASE
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul2.2.5.RELEASE

项目地址https://gitee.com/handc/spring_cloud.git

文章目录

1.Eureka

1.1 新建Maven工程 导入依赖

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <!--springcloud的依赖-->
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>

        <!--SpringBoot-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--SpringBoot 启动器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志和测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--log4j-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

1.2 消费者服务接口

在项目下新建模块springcloud-api

1.2.1 导入依赖

    <!--当前Module自己需要的依赖 如果依赖中已经配置 就可以不写-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

1.2.2 新建Student实体类

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor //提供无参构造方法
@Accessors(chain = true) //链式写法
public class Student implements Serializable {

    private Long id;
    private String name;

    private String db_name; //那个数据库的数据
    public Student(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

1.2.3 StudentService

@Component
public interface StudentClientService {

    @GetMapping("/stu/get/{id}")
    public Student queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);

    @GetMapping("/stu/list")
    public List<Student> queryAll();

    @PostMapping("/stu/add")
    public boolean addStudent(Student student);
}

1.3 数据库

新建三个数据库 db01 db02 db03

三个数据库建立相同的表, 相同的数据

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for student1
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student1`;
CREATE TABLE `student1` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `db_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student1
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student1` VALUES ('1', 'zhang', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO `student1` VALUES ('2', 'li', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO `student1` VALUES ('3', 'wang', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO `student1` VALUES ('4', 'zhao', DATABASE());
INSERT INTO `student1` VALUES ('5', 'jiang',DATABASE());

1.4 Eureka 注册与服务发现中心

为了方便区分 先修改hosts文件 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

在后面增加

127.0.0.1 eureka8801.com
127.0.0.1 eureka8802.com
127.0.0.1 eureka8803.com

项目下新建模块 springcloud-eureka-8801

1.4.1 导入依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

1.4.2 编写配置 application.yml

server:
  port: 8801

# eureka配置
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka8801.com

  client:
    register-with-eureka: false # 是否向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: false  #  #fetch-registry如果 false 则表示自己为注册中心
    service-url:
      # 单机
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/

1.4.3 创建启动类EurekaServer_8801


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //Eureka服务端启动类 可以接收别人注册进来
public class EurekaServer_8801 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServer_8801.class,args);
    }
}

同时启动springcloud-provider-student-8001 和 springcloud-eureka-8801

image-20201125210255365

1.5 服务提供者

项目下新建模块 springcloud-provider-student-8001

1.5.1 导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--拿到实体类 api ,module-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.handc</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
        <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--test-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--完善监控信息-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--热部署-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

1.5.2 配置yml

# 端口
server:
  port: 8001

#spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: admin

# mybatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.huan.springcloud.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

#Eurka配置
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept8001 # 修改Eureka上的默认描述信息
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true         #fetch-registry如果 false 则表示自己为注册中心
    service-url:  #监控页面
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801:8801/eureka/

# info 配置
info:
  app.name: handc-springcloud
  company.name: blog.handc

1.5.3 编写服务提供

Studentservice
public interface StudentService {

    public Student queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
    
    public List<Student> queryAll();
    public boolean addStudent(Student student);
}
StudentServiceImpl 实现类
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Autowired
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    public Student queryById(Long id) {
        return studentDao.queryById(id);
    }

    public List<Student> queryAll() {
        return studentDao.queryAll();
    }

    public boolean addStudent(Student student) {
        return studentDao.addStudent(student);
    }
}
持久层StudentDao
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface StudentDao {
    public Student queryById(Long id);
    public List<Student> queryAll();
    public boolean addStudent(Student student);
}
mapper映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.handc.springcloud.dao.StudentDao">
    <select id="queryById" resultType="Student" parameterType="Long">
        select * from student1 where id=#{id};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Student">
        select * from student1;
    </select>
    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Student">
        insert into student1 (name,db_name)
         values (#{name},DATABASE());
    </insert>

</mapper>
控制层
@RestController
public class StudentController {

    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;

    @GetMapping("/stu/get/{id}")
    public Student getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return studentService.queryById(id);
    }

    @PostMapping("/stu/add")
    public boolean addStudent(Student student){
        return studentService.addStudent(student);
    }

    @GetMapping("/stu/list")
    public List<Student> list(){
        return studentService.queryAll();
    }
}

1.6 编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient // 服务启动后自动注册到Eureka
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class StudentProvider8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StudentProvider8001.class,args);
    }
}

1.7 集群配置

1.7.1 三个注册中心

按照配置springcloud-eureka-8801 方法

新建模块springcloud-eureka-8802 springcloud-eureka-8803

注意: 修改xml 其他不变

在8801中 需要关联8802和2203,同样 对8802和8803进行修改

#Eurka配置
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-provider-student8001 # 修改Eureka上的默认描述信息
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true         #fetch-registry如果 false 则表示自己为注册中心
    service-url:  #监控页面
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/
    service-url:
      # 集群
      defaultZone: http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/

1.7.2 三个服务提供者

将springcloud-provider-student-8001

复制2份 springcloud-provider-student-8002 springcloud-provider-student-8003

注意修改xml 以8002为例 注意需要同时注册到三个注册中心

# 端口
server:
  port: 8002

#spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db02?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: admin

# mybatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.handc.springcloud.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

#Eurka配置
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept8002 # 修改Eureka上的默认描述信息
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true         #fetch-registry如果 false 则表示自己为注册中心
    service-url:  #监控页面
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/

# info 配置
info:
  app.name: handc-springcloud
  company.name: blog.handc

1.7.3 测试

同时启动三个注册中心 和三个服务提供者

image-20201128100106981

2. 服务消费者 Ribbon+RestTemplate

2.1 服务消费者

新建模块 springcloud-consumer-dept-80

2.1.1 导入依赖

<dependencies>

        <!--实体类-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.handc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    	<!--ribbon-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

2.1.2 编写application.yml

server:
  port: 80

  #Eurka配置
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    service-url:  # 客户端可以从这三个里面取
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/

2.2 定义一个ConfigBean

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean { //@Configuration  ---->Spring applicationContext.xml

    // 配置负载均衡 实现restTemplate
    // IRule
    // RoundRobinRule 轮询
    // RandomRule 随机
    // RetryRule 先按照轮询获取, 如果获取失败 则会在指定时间内进行重试
    // AvailabilityFilteringRule : 先过滤掉崩溃的服务(跳闸的服务, ) 对剩下的进行轮询

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

2.3 定义controller类

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate; //提供多种便捷访问远程http服务的方法,简单的restful服务模版
    //通过Ribbon实现时候 这里地址是一个变量, 通过服务名来访问
    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX="http://SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT";


    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/add")
    public boolean add(Student student){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/stu/add/",student,Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/get/{id}")
    public Student get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/stu/get/"+id,Student.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/list")
    public List<Student> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/stu/list/",List.class);
    }

}

2.4 编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class StuConsumer_80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StuConsumer_80.class,args);
    }
}

同时启动 注册中心8801 8802 8803 最少一个

启动服务提供者8001 8002 8003

启动服务消费者80 发出请求可以看出 通过riibbon负载均衡到不同服务提供者

image-20201128101358990image-20201128101410416

3. Feign

新建模块 springcloud-consumer-dept-feign

3.1 导入依赖

<dependencies>
        <!--实体类-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.handc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--ribbon-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.2 添加application.yml配置

server:
  port: 80

  #Eurka配置
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    service-url:  # 客户端可以从这三个里面取
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/

3.3 ConfigBean

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean { //@Configuration  ---->Spring applicationContext.xml

    // 配置负载均衡 实现restTemplate
    // IRule
    // RoundRobinRule 轮询
    // RandomRule 随机
    // RetryRule 先按照轮询获取, 如果获取失败 则会在指定时间内进行重试
    // AvailabilityFilteringRule : 先过滤掉崩溃的服务(跳闸的服务, ) 对剩下的进行轮询

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

3.4 定义controller类

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private StudentClientService studentClientService;


    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/add")
    public boolean add(Student student){
        return this.studentClientService.addStudent(student);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/get/{id}")
    public Student get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return this.studentClientService.queryById(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/stu/list")
    public List<Student> list(){
        return this.studentClientService.queryAll();
    }
}

3.5 编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients("com.handc.springcloud")
public class feignStudentConsumer_80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(feignStudentConsumer_80.class,args);
    }
}

同时启动 注册中心8801 8802 8803 最少一个

启动服务提供者8001 8002 8003

启动服务消费者feign-80 发出请求可以看出 通过riibbon负载均衡到不同服务提供者

4. Hystrix

服务熔断:   服务端  某个服务超时或者异常会引起异常,相当于保险丝

服务降级:   客户端  从整体网站负载考虑~ 当某个服务熔断或者关闭之后, 服务将不在被调用,
                    用户可以发出请求,但是请求不会到服务器
                    此时在客户端准备一个自己的失败回调 FallbackFactory 返回一个默认的值(缺省值)
                    整体服务水平下降

4.1 服务熔断

新建模块springcloud-provider-dept-8001-hystrix

4.1.1 导入依赖

  <dependencies>
        <!--拿到实体类 api ,module-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.handc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--完善监控信息-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

4.2.2 编写配置application.yml

# 端口
server:
  port: 8001

#spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: admin

# mybatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.handc.springcloud.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

#Eurka配置
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-provider-hystrix-dept8001 # 修改Eureka上的默认描述信息
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true   #表示是否向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true         #fetch-registry如果 false 则表示自己为注册中心
    service-url:  #监控页面
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/

# info 配置
info:
  app.name: handc-springcloud
  company.name: blog.handc

4.2.3 controller层增加熔断机制@HystrixCommand

@RestController
public class StudentController {

    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;

    @GetMapping("/stu/get/{id}")
    //一旦调用服务方法失败抛出 错误信息后 自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod指定的方法
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hystrixGet")
    public Student getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Student student = studentService.queryById(id);
        //模拟查询异常
        if (student == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("id: " + id + "不存在该用户,或者无法找到信息");

        }
        return student;

    }

    //备选方法
    public Student hystrixGet(Long id) {
        return new Student()
                .setDeptno(id)
                .setDname("id: " + id + "没有对应的信息, null---->@Hystrix")
                .setDb_source("no this databases in MySQL");
    }   
}

4.2.4 主启动类添加注解 @EnableCircuitBreaker

//启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient  //在服务启动后自动注册到Eureka中
@EnableDiscoveryClient
//添加对熔断的支持
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class DeptProviderHystrix_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProviderHystrix_8001.class,args);
    }
}

启动 注册中心springcloud-eureka-8801,

服务提供者 springcloud-provider-dept-8001-hystrix

最后启动服务消费者springcloud-consumer-dept-80

服务访问 正常 http://localhost/consumer/stu/get/2

image-20201128141745729

访问 http://localhost/consumer/stu/get/20 出现服务熔断

image-20201128141821756

4.2 服务降级

4.2.1 导入依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

4.2.2 消费者服务springcloud-api

StudentClientServiceFallbackFactory 实现FallbackFactory接口

//服务降级
@Component
public class StudentClientServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory {
    public Object create(Throwable throwable) {
        return new StudentClientService() {
            public Student queryById(Long id) {
                return new Student()
                        .setId(id)
                        .setName("id==>"+id+"没有对应的信息,客户端提供降级信息,这个服务已经关闭")
                        .setDb_name("没有数据");
            }

            public List<Student> queryAll() {
                return null;
            }

            public boolean addStudent(Student student) {
                return false;
            }
        };
    }
}

4.2.3 修改提供服务的service熔断处理

公共service对某个service访问出现异常后统一处理的fallback处理

@FeignClient(value = “SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-STUDENT”,fallbackFactory = StudentClientServiceFallbackFactory.class)

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-STUDENT",fallbackFactory = StudentClientServiceFallbackFactory.class)
public interface StudentClientService {

    @GetMapping("/stu/get/{id}")
    public Student queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);

    @GetMapping("/stu/list")
    public List<Student> queryAll();

    @PostMapping("/stu/add")
    public boolean addStudent(Student student);
}

开启springcloud-consumer-dept-feign 的feign hystrix的降级

# 开启降级
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

同时启动 注册中心springcloud-eureka-8801

服务提供者 springcloud-provider-student-8001

服务消费者springcloud-consumer-dept-feign

正常访问 http://localhost/consumer/stu/get/1

image-20201128144757362

关闭服务提供者springcloud-provider-student-8001

访问http://localhost/consumer/stu/get/1 服务降级

image-20201128144845642

5. Zuul路由网关

打开 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts 文件；

增加：127.0.0.1 myzuul.com

5.1 导入依赖

<dependencies>

        <!--Zuul-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--实体类-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.handc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--ribbon-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

5.2 编写appliction.yml

server:
  port: 8888

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-zuul-gateway

# zuul注册到Eureka
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka8801.com:8801/eureka/,http://eureka8802.com:8802/eureka/,http://eureka8803.com:8803/eureka/
  instance:
    instance-id: zuul8888
    prefer-ip-address: true


# info 配置
info:
  app.name: handc-springcloud
  company.name: blog.handc

#serviceId：映射的服务名；path：映射成为的路径；
#在yml修改之前使用：http://myzuul.com:8888/springcloud-provider-student/dept/get/2  访问；
#
#在yml修改之后使用：http://myzuul.com:8888/mystudent/dept/get/2  访问
zuul:
  routes:  
    mystudent.serviceId: springcloud-provider-student
    mystudent.path: /mystudent/**

  ignored-services: springcloud-provider-student  #不能再使用这个路径访问 只能使用自定义的路径访问

5.3 主启动类

添加@EnableZuulProxy

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy //开启服务
public class ZuulApplication_8888 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication_8888.class, args);
    }
}

原路径已经不能访问 只能使用自定义路径

image-20201128153136730

使用自定义路由mystudent访问

image-20201128152835819

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