解决:读取访问权限冲突:“xxx” 是0XCDCDCD、nullptr、0X1FA0112(内存地址)等等

本文分享了一次解决指针数组内存访问异常的经历,详细分析了可能的原因,并给出了具体的解决方案,包括指针初始化、边界检查及正确计算内存长度。

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前言

我遇到这个问题也是纠结了半天,最后发现是给一个指针数组赋值后,传递到另一端(以字节传递的)的长度是指针数组的内容长度(没有包含指针本身长度),结果导致再次遍历时,一部分正常,后一部分直接乱码加报错访问冲突。然后修改,传递的长度乘4(我是int*),再按正常遍历就可以了。

1. 可能的原因

这一类错误都是跟内存有关:
①访问数组越界
②空指针异常(指针未初始化或指向不确定的值)

2. 解决办法

检查你报错的地方,你的数据结构相关的代码,操作指针,一要确认定义并初始化了指针,比如①指针指向下一个位置时:

ptr->next = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
ptr = ptr->next;
ptr->next = NULL;  //这一句丢掉就会有异常

②数组一定确保不会越界,一旦越界,指针就指向了非法内存,就会报错。
使用指针最好加一句判断来组织越界:

if(ptr->next == NULL)
{
	break; //中断
}

③检查赋值是否合法。

void wizard::WsfEditor::SetTextFormat(size_t aStart, size_t aCount, const QTextCharFormat& aFmt) { // 将字节位置转换为Qt字符位置以正确处理中文字符 size_t qtStart = BytePosToQtPos(aStart); size_t qtEnd = BytePosToQtPos(aStart + aCount); size_t qtCount = qtEnd - qtStart; size_t end = std::min(qtStart + qtCount, mCurrentStylePos + mCurrentStyleLength); if (end >= mCurrentStylePos) { for (size_t i = std::max(mCurrentStylePos, qtStart) - mCurrentStylePos; i < end - mCurrentStylePos; ++i) { mFormatChanges[ut::cast_to_int(i)] = aFmt; } } } void wizard::WsfEditor::MergeTextFormat(size_t aStart, size_t aCount, const QTextCharFormat& aFmt) { // 将字节位置转换为Qt字符位置以正确处理中文字符 size_t qtStart = BytePosToQtPos(aStart); size_t qtEnd = BytePosToQtPos(aStart + aCount); size_t qtCount = qtEnd - qtStart; size_t end = std::min(qtStart + qtCount, mCurrentStylePos + mCurrentStyleLength); if (end >= mCurrentStylePos) { for (size_t i = std::max(mCurrentStylePos, qtStart) - mCurrentStylePos; i < end - mCurrentStylePos; ++i) { mFormatChanges[ut::cast_to_int(i)].merge(aFmt); } } } size_t wizard::WsfEditor::BytePosToQtPos(size_t aBytePos) { // 如果没有中文字符,字节位置和字符位置是相同的 if (aBytePos == 0) return 0; // 获取当前整个文档内容 QString fullText = toPlainText(); // 将文档转换为UTF-8字节流 std::string utf8Text = ToAscii(fullText); // 如果字节位置超出范围,返回文档末尾 if (aBytePos >= utf8Text.size()) { return fullText.length(); } // 使用二分查找找到对应的Qt字符位置 int left = 0, right = fullText.length(); while (left < right) { int mid = (left + right) / 2; // 获取从开始到mid位置的Qt字符串 QString partialText = fullText.left(mid); std::string partialUtf8 = ToAscii(partialText); if (partialUtf8.size() < aBytePos) { left = mid + 1; } else { right = mid; } } return left; }bool wizard::TextSource::ReadSource(bool aAlwaysFullyReload) { bool loaded(false); UtPath::StatData statData; GetFilePath().Stat(statData); if (statData.mStatType == UtPath::cDIRECTORY) { return false; } if (statData.mStatType == UtPath::cFILE) { if (statData.mFileSizeBytes < (size_t)cMAXIMUM_FILE_SIZE) { // After first read, ensure the parser isn't running. if (mLoaded) { GetWorkspace()->WaitForAbortParsing(); } if (UtTextDocument::ReadFile(GetFilePath())) { SetDeleted(false); SetModified(false); bool requiresParse = GetProject()->SourceReloaded(this); if (requiresParse) { GetProject()->TriggerReparse(); } loaded = true; } } else { const QString msg("The file %1 is too large to open. (%2 MB)."); const QString filePath(QString::fromUtf8(mFilePath.GetSystemPath().c_str())); const double sizeMb = (statData.mFileSizeBytes / 1000000.0); QMessageBox::warning(nullptr, "File too large", msg.arg(filePath).arg(sizeMb)); if (mLoaded) { SetModified(false); Unload(); } loaded = false; } mFileSignature.Update(mFilePath); } else if (statData.mStatType == UtPath::cSTAT_ERROR) { Clear(); Insert(0, "\0", 1); // null terminator SetDeleted(true); SetModified(false); loaded = true; } if (!mViews.empty()) { ReloadEditor(*mViews[0]->mEditorPtr, false, true, aAlwaysFullyReload); } if (loaded) { mPendingChanges.clear(); mAppliedChanges.clear(); } mLoaded = loaded; return loaded; }void wizard::TextSource::ReloadEditor(Editor& aEditor, bool aInitialLoad, bool aForceUnmodified, bool aForceReload) { aEditor.BeginNonUserAction(); if (aInitialLoad || aForceReload) { // Copy text to scintilla char* textPtr = GetText().GetPointer(0); aEditor.BeginNonUserAction(); aEditor.document()->setPlainText(QString::fromUtf8(textPtr)); QTextCursor cur = aEditor.textCursor(); cur.setPosition(0); aEditor.setTextCursor(cur); aEditor.EndNonUserAction(); if (aInitialLoad) { aEditor.document()->clearUndoRedoStacks(); aEditor.document()->setModified(false); } } else { // Diff this text document with scintilla's copy. Apply only the changes. std::string oldText = aEditor.ToAscii(aEditor.ToPlainText()); QVector<TextSourceChange> changes; DiffDocuments(oldText.c_str(), GetPointer(), changes); if (!changes.empty()) { int firstChangePos = -1; QTextCursor cur = aEditor.textCursor(); cur.beginEditBlock(); for (int i = 0; i < changes.size(); ++i) { const TextSourceChange& change = changes[i]; if (i == 0) firstChangePos = ut::cast_to_int(change.mPos); ApplyChangeToQt(changes[i], cur); } cur.endEditBlock(); if (!aForceUnmodified) { SetModified(true, true); } // scroll to first change if (firstChangePos != -1) { QTextCursor cur = aEditor.textCursor(); cur.setPosition(firstChangePos); aEditor.setTextCursor(cur); aEditor.centerCursor(); } } if (!mModified) { // aEditor.SendScintilla(SCI_SETSAVEPOINT); } } aEditor.EndNonUserAction(); aEditor.ReloadComplete(); }void wizard::TextSource::SaveAs() { UtPath dir = GetFilePath(); dir.Up(); QFileDialog dlg(nullptr, "Save File As", dir.GetSystemPath().c_str(), "*.*"); dlg.setDefaultSuffix("txt"); dlg.selectFile(GetFileName().c_str()); dlg.setAcceptMode(QFileDialog::AcceptSave); dlg.setFileMode(QFileDialog::AnyFile); if (dlg.exec()) { QStringList selFiles = dlg.selectedFiles(); if (selFiles.length() == 1) { // Ensure the source is ready WaitForSourceModifications(); std::string newFilePath = selFiles[0].toUtf8().toStdString(); std::ofstream outfile(newFilePath.c_str(), std::ios::binary); while (!outfile) { std::stringstream ss; ss << "Could not save file " + newFilePath + ", check that the file/directory is writable."; int bn = QMessageBox::warning(nullptr, "Could not save", ss.str().c_str(), "Retry", "Cancel"); if (bn != 0) { break; } } if (outfile) { WriteFile(outfile); outfile.close(); UtPath newFile(newFilePath); if (newFile.Stat() == UtPath::cFILE) { // WIZARD_TODO: Open the file for the user? // GetProject()->AddTransientFile(newFile); } emit TextSourceSignals::GetInstance().requestBackup(); } } } } void wizard::TextSource::CopyPathToClipboard() { QApplication::clipboard()->setText(QString::fromUtf8(GetSystemPath().c_str())); }void wizard::TextSource::ApplyChangeToQt(const TextSourceChange& aChange, QTextCursor& aCursor) { if (aCursor.document()->toPlainText().size() < static_cast<int>(aChange.mPos)) { // Adding at the end of the document aCursor.movePosition(QTextCursor::End); aCursor.insertText("\n"); } aCursor.setPosition(ut::cast_to_int(aChange.mPos)); aCursor.setPosition(ut::cast_to_int(aChange.mPos + aChange.mCharsRemoved), QTextCursor::KeepAnchor); // 正确处理UTF-8字符串到Qt的转换 aCursor.insertText(QString::fromUtf8(aChange.mText.c_str())); } void wizard::TextSource::FindIncludeLocations() { if (GetProject()) { GetProject()->FindIncludes(this); } } void wizard::TextSource::SaveAndStore() { SaveWithNotifications(); emit TextSourceSignals::GetInstance().requestBackup(); } void wizard::TextSource::BrowseContainingFolder() { UtPath path = mFilePath; path.Up(); QString pathStr("file:///"); pathStr += QString::fromUtf8(path.GetSystemPath().c_str()); QDesktopServices::openUrl(QUrl(pathStr)); }// 将Qt字符位置转换为对应的UTF-8字节位置 size_t wizard::Editor::QtPosToUtf8Pos(int aQtPos) { if (aQtPos <= 0) return 0; // 获取从开始到指定位置的文本 QTextCursor cur(document()); cur.setPosition(0); cur.setPosition(aQtPos, QTextCursor::KeepAnchor); QString partialText = cur.selectedText(); // 转换为UTF-8并返回字节长度 std::string utf8Text = ToAscii(partialText); return utf8Text.size(); } // 将UTF-8字节位置转换为对应的Qt字符位置 int wizard::Editor::Utf8PosToQtPos(size_t aUtf8Pos) { if (aUtf8Pos == 0) return 0; QString fullText = toPlainText(); std::string fullUtf8 = ToAscii(fullText); if (aUtf8Pos >= fullUtf8.size()) { return fullText.length(); } // 使用二分查找找到对应的Qt位置 int left = 0, right = fullText.length(); while (left < right) { int mid = (left + right) / 2; size_t midUtf8Pos = QtPosToUtf8Pos(mid); if (midUtf8Pos < aUtf8Pos) { left = mid + 1; } else { right = mid; } } return left; } std::string wizard::Editor::ToAscii(const QString& aText) { // 处理段落分隔符,然后转换为UTF-8 QString processedText = aText; processedText.replace(QChar(0x2029), QChar('\n')); // paragraph separator // 直接使用UTF-8编码保持中文字符 return processedText.toUtf8().toStdString(); } void wizard::Editor::DocContentsChange(int aFrom, int aCharsRemoves, int aCharsAdded) { if (mNonUserAction > 0) { return; } // 简化处理:对于任何变化,都重新同步整个文档内容 // 这避免了复杂的位置转换问题,特别是中英文混合的情况 mSourcePtr->HandleDelete(0, 0x0fffffff); QTextCursor cur(document()); cur.setPosition(0); cur.movePosition(QTextCursor::End, QTextCursor::KeepAnchor); QString newText = cur.selectedText(); // Convert to UTF-8 representation std::string text = ToAscii(newText); // 使用UTF-8字符串的实际字节长度 mSourcePtr->HandleInsert(0, text.size(), text.c_str()); }void wizard::ProjectWorkspace::NewProject() { // Use the location of the last opened project // otherwise use the user's home directory // else use the location of the executable QString newLocationDir = QDir::currentPath(); if (!QDir::current().exists()) { // Absolute path of the user's home directory newLocationDir = QDir::toNativeSeparators(QDir::homePath()); // Home directory // openLocationDir = QStandardPaths::writableLocation(QStandardPaths::DocumentsLocation); // Documents directory if (newLocationDir.isEmpty()) { newLocationDir = QString::fromStdString(UtPath::GetExePath().GetSystemPath()); } } // Get the new project file name QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(nullptr, "New Project", newLocationDir, "AFSIM Project (*.afproj)"); if (!fileName.isEmpty() && // set the working directory to the new project's directory wizRunMgr.SetWorkingDirectoryToProject(fileName)) { // 使用UTF-8编码处理文件名 std::string utf8FileName = fileName.toUtf8().toStdString(); UtPath fileNamePath(utf8FileName); UtPath filePath = fileNamePath; filePath.Up(); Project* projectPtr = new Project(this); projectPtr->SetProjectLocation(filePath.GetSystemPath(), fileNamePath); } }wizard::Runner::Runner(int& argc, char* argv[], const char* aCompanyStr, const char* aCompanyDomainStr, const char* aProductNameStr, const char* aProductVersionStr) { // Get the executable path // Trim the name of the executable mBinDir = UtPath::GetExePath(); mBinDir.Up(); QApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_ShareOpenGLContexts); QApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling); mApp = ut::make_unique<QApplication>(argc, argv); // 设置UTF-8编码支持中文 #if QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0) QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8")); #endif mApp->setQuitOnLastWindowClosed(true); mApp->setWindowIcon(QIcon(":icons/wizard_logo_icon.png")); qApp->setOrganizationName(aCompanyStr); qApp->setOrganizationDomain(aCompanyDomainStr); qApp->setApplicationName(aProductNameStr); qApp->setApplicationDisplayName(aProductNameStr); qApp->setApplicationVersion(aProductVersionStr); }void Scanner::Init() { NewTokCb = nullptr; mNewTokenDataPtr = nullptr; EOL = '\n'; eofSym = 0; // ***Declarations Begin maxT = 58; noSym = 58; int i; for (i = 65; i <= 90; ++i) start.set(i, 1); for (i = 95; i <= 95; ++i) start.set(i, 1); for (i = 97; i <= 122; ++i) start.set(i, 1); for (i = 48; i <= 57; ++i) start.set(i, 31); for (i = 34; i <= 34; ++i) start.set(i, 7); start.set(46, 32); start.set(39, 9); start.set(59, 13); start.set(40, 14); start.set(41, 15); start.set(61, 33); start.set(33, 43); start.set(62, 44); start.set(60, 45); start.set(43, 34); start.set(45, 35); start.set(38, 20); start.set(124, 22); start.set(125, 24); start.set(44, 25); start.set(42, 46); start.set(47, 47); start.set(123, 38); start.set(58, 39); start.set(94, 40); start.set(91, 41); start.set(93, 42); start.set(Buffer::EoF, -1); keywords.set("do", 26); keywords.set("if", 27); keywords.set("for", 28); keywords.set("foreach", 29); keywords.set("in", 30); keywords.set("else", 31); keywords.set("while", 32); keywords.set("break", 33); keywords.set("continue", 34); keywords.set("return", 35); keywords.set("null", 36); keywords.set("NULL", 37); keywords.set("true", 38); keywords.set("false", 39); keywords.set("string", 40); keywords.set("int", 41); keywords.set("double", 42); keywords.set("char", 43); keywords.set("bool", 44); keywords.set("global", 45); keywords.set("static", 46); keywords.set("extern", 47); // ***Declarations End tvalLength = 128; tval = new cocochar_t[tvalLength]; // text of current token // COCO_HEAP_BLOCK_SIZE byte heap + pointer to next heap block heap = malloc(COCO_HEAP_BLOCK_SIZE + sizeof(void*)); firstHeap = heap; heapEnd = (void**)(((char*)heap) + COCO_HEAP_BLOCK_SIZE); *heapEnd = nullptr; heapTop = heap; if (sizeof(Token) > COCO_HEAP_BLOCK_SIZE) { ut::log::fatal() << "Too small COCO_HEAP_BLOCK_SIZE."; exit(1); } pos = -1; line = 1; col = 0; charPos = -1; oldEols = 0; NextCh(); #if !COCO_USE_INLINE_BUFFER bool hasUtf8Bom = false; if (ch == 0xEF) { // check optional byte order mark for UTF-8 NextCh(); int ch1 = ch; NextCh(); int ch2 = ch; if (ch1 == 0xBB && ch2 == 0xBF) { hasUtf8Bom = true; } else { // 不是UTF-8 BOM,回退到开始位置 buffer->SetPos(0); pos = -1; line = 1; col = 0; charPos = -1; NextCh(); } } // 默认启用UTF-8支持,无论是否有BOM // 这样可以支持没有BOM的UTF-8文件(包含中文的脚本文件) Buffer* oldBuf = buffer; buffer = new UTF8Buffer(buffer); if (hasUtf8Bom) { col = 0; charPos = -1; NextCh(); // 跳过BOM } else { // 重新开始读取,使用UTF8Buffer buffer->SetPos(0); pos = -1; line = 1; col = 0; charPos = -1; NextCh(); } delete oldBuf; oldBuf = nullptr; #endif pt = tokens = CreateToken(); // first token is a dummy }UsVal UsCtx::StringLiteral(UtScriptLanguage::Token* t) { std::string str(t->val + 1, t->val + t->len - 1); std::string unescapedStr; bool hasSlash = false; // 使用UTF-8安全的字符迭代 for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i) { unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(str[i]); if (!hasSlash) { if (c == '\\') { hasSlash = true; } else { // 检查是否是UTF-8多字节字符的开始 if (c >= 0x80) // UTF-8多字节字符 { // 计算UTF-8字符的字节数 size_t utf8_len = 1; if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) utf8_len = 2; // 110xxxxx else if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) utf8_len = 3; // 1110xxxx else if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) utf8_len = 4; // 11110xxx // 确保不会越界,并复制完整的UTF-8字符 if (i + utf8_len <= str.length()) { unescapedStr.append(str, i, utf8_len); i += utf8_len - 1; // -1因为for循环会++i } else { // 如果UTF-8字符不完整,按原样添加 unescapedStr += c; } } else { // ASCII字符,直接添加 unescapedStr += c; } } } else { switch (c) { case 'a': unescapedStr += '\a'; break; case 'b': unescapedStr += '\b'; break; case 'r': unescapedStr += '\r'; break; case 'f': unescapedStr += '\f'; break; case 'n': unescapedStr += '\n'; break; case 't': unescapedStr += '\t'; break; case 'v': unescapedStr += '\v'; break; case '\'': case '"': case '\\': unescapedStr += c; break; default: // 对于不认识的转义序列,保留反斜杠和字符 unescapedStr += '\\'; unescapedStr += c; break; } hasSlash = false; } } return CreateData(unescapedStr); }{ StatType fileType(cSTAT_ERROR); std::string sysPath = GetSystemPath(); #ifdef _WIN32 // 使用Unicode版本的文件检查 if (UtPathUnicode::FileExists(mPathString)) { fileType = cFILE; } else if (UtPathUnicode::DirectoryExists(mPathString)) { fileType = cDIRECTORY; } #else struct stat buff; if (0 == ::stat(sysPath.c_str(), &buff)) { if ((buff.st_mode & S_IFDIR) != 0) { fileType = cDIRECTORY; } else { fileType = cFILE; } } #endif return fileType; }// // CUI // // The Advanced Framework for Simulation, Integration, and Modeling (AFSIM) // // Copyright 2003-2015 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved. // // The use, dissemination or disclosure of data in this file is subject to // limitation or restriction. See accompanying README and LICENSE for details. // #include "UtPathUnicode.hpp" #include <sys/stat.h> #ifdef _WIN32 #include <io.h> #include <direct.h> #else #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <dirent.h> #endif #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring UtPathUnicode::Utf8ToWide(const std::string& aUtf8) { if (aUtf8.empty()) return std::wstring(); int wideSize = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, aUtf8.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0); if (wideSize <= 0) return std::wstring(); std::wstring wide(wideSize - 1, 0); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, aUtf8.c_str(), -1, &wide[0], wideSize); return wide; } std::string UtPathUnicode::WideToUtf8(const std::wstring& aWide) { if (aWide.empty()) return std::string(); int utf8Size = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, aWide.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr); if (utf8Size <= 0) return std::string(); std::string utf8(utf8Size - 1, 0); WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, aWide.c_str(), -1, &utf8[0], utf8Size, nullptr, nullptr); return utf8; } std::string UtPathUnicode::AnsiToUtf8(const std::string& aAnsi) { if (aAnsi.empty()) return std::string(); // 先转换为宽字符 int wideSize = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, aAnsi.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0); if (wideSize <= 0) return aAnsi; std::wstring wide(wideSize - 1, 0); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, aAnsi.c_str(), -1, &wide[0], wideSize); // 再转换为UTF-8 return WideToUtf8(wide); } #endif std::string UtPathUnicode::ToSystemPath(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 // 在Windows上,将UTF-8路径转换为系统路径 // 对于文件系统操作,我们需要使用宽字符API return aUtf8Path; // 保持UTF-8格式,在具体的文件操作中转换 #else // 在Unix系统上,文件系统通常使用UTF-8 return aUtf8Path; #endif } std::string UtPathUnicode::FromSystemPath(const std::string& aSystemPath) { #ifdef _WIN32 // 假设系统路径可能是ANSI编码,转换为UTF-8 return AnsiToUtf8(aSystemPath); #else return aSystemPath; #endif } bool UtPathUnicode::FileExists(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring widePath = Utf8ToWide(aUtf8Path); DWORD attributes = GetFileAttributesW(widePath.c_str()); return (attributes != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) && !(attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY); #else struct stat buffer; return (stat(aUtf8Path.c_str(), &buffer) == 0) && S_ISREG(buffer.st_mode); #endif } bool UtPathUnicode::DirectoryExists(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring widePath = Utf8ToWide(aUtf8Path); DWORD attributes = GetFileAttributesW(widePath.c_str()); return (attributes != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) && (attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY); #else struct stat buffer; return (stat(aUtf8Path.c_str(), &buffer) == 0) && S_ISDIR(buffer.st_mode); #endif } bool UtPathUnicode::CreateDirectory(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring widePath = Utf8ToWide(aUtf8Path); return CreateDirectoryW(widePath.c_str(), nullptr) != 0; #else return mkdir(aUtf8Path.c_str(), 0755) == 0; #endif } bool UtPathUnicode::DeleteFile(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring widePath = Utf8ToWide(aUtf8Path); return DeleteFileW(widePath.c_str()) != 0; #else return unlink(aUtf8Path.c_str()) == 0; #endif } size_t UtPathUnicode::GetFileSize(const std::string& aUtf8Path) { #ifdef _WIN32 std::wstring widePath = Utf8ToWide(aUtf8Path); WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fileInfo; if (GetFileAttributesExW(widePath.c_str(), GetFileExInfoStandard, &fileInfo)) { LARGE_INTEGER size; size.HighPart = fileInfo.nFileSizeHigh; size.LowPart = fileInfo.nFileSizeLow; return static_cast<size_t>(size.QuadPart); } return 0; #else struct stat buffer; if (stat(aUtf8Path.c_str(), &buffer) == 0) { return static_cast<size_t>(buffer.st_size); } return 0; #endif } 这些代码是为了在QPlainTextEdit中支持中文进行的所有修改,但是目前高亮和自动补全有问题,提供的文件是高亮和自动补全的cpp实现,请协助我修改代码,给出每个需要修改的函数的完整实现,不要省略不需要修改的代码
最新发布
07-14
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