SpringMVC实现文件上传

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-19 20:58:13 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-19 20:58:13 发布

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分类专栏： springMVC

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_36228916/article/details/94912470

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SpringMVC实现文件上传

第一步导入第三方依赖坐标：
使用Commons-fileupload组件实现文件上传，需要导入该组件相应的支撑jar包：Commons-fileupload和commons-io。commons-io 不属于文件上传组件的开发jar文件，但Commons-fileupload 组件从1.1 版本开始，它工作时需要commons-io包的支持。

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>

 <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
  </dependency>

第二步：配置web.xml

<!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置Servlet的初始化参数，读取springmvc的配置文件，创建spring容器 -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!--配置解决中文乱码过滤器-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

第三步：配置springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!-- 设置静态资源不过滤 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>

</beans>

第四步：准备jsp页面

<body>
<a href="user/testFileUpload">文件上传</a>
</body>

第五步：准备controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/user")
public class UserController {

    // 文件上传
    @RequestMapping(path="/testFileUpload")
    public String testFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
         System.out.println("执行了testFileUpload1方法！");
    // 上传的位置，获取到项目根目录下的uploads文件夹绝对路径
    String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads");
    // 创建file对象
    File file = new File(path);
    // 判断是否存在
    if(!file.exists()) {
        // 创建目录
        file.mkdirs();
    }

    // 创建磁盘文件项工厂
    DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
    ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
    // 解析request
    List<FileItem> list = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
    // 遍历，获取到每一个文件项的对象
    for (FileItem fileItem : list) {
        // 判断，当前fileItem是否是文件项
        if(fileItem.isFormField()) {
            // 说明是普通的表单 ，文本框
        }else {
            // 文件上传项 fileItem
            // 获取到文件的名称
            String filename = fileItem.getName();
            // 生成唯一标识
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "").toUpperCase();
            filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
            // 上传文件
            fileItem.write(new File(file, filename));
            // 删除临时文件
            fileItem.delete();
        }
    }

    return "success";

    }

}

准备一个返回页面，在WEB-INF 下新建pages/success.jsp：

<body>
<h1>文件上传成功</h1>
</body>