Python入门记录（25）os模块的一些常用函数

# 项目名：pythonProject2
# NAME:demo33
# 开发时间:2021/4/23 11:51
#os模块
import  os
#os.system('notepad.exe') #系统命令打开记事本
#os.startfile('C:\\Users\\宋子健\\Desktop\\1.py') #根据路径直接打开文件
print(os.getcwd()) #返回当前工作目录
lst = os.listdir('fileprocessing') #返回文件目录下所有对象
print(lst)
lst2 = os.listdir('../pythonProject2') #需要输入路径
print(lst2)

# os.mkdir('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1') #创建单级目录
os.makedirs('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1\\newdir2\\newdir3') #创建多级目录

创建单级目录后结果：

创建多级目录后结果：

因为我跑了两次，如果第一次创建成功，那第二次创建就会报错，所以把第一次创建的语句注释掉了。

接着上面的代码继续：

# 项目名：pythonProject2
# NAME:demo33
# 开发时间:2021/4/23 11:51
#os模块
import  os
#os.system('notepad.exe') #系统命令打开记事本
#os.startfile('C:\\Users\\宋子健\\Desktop\\1.py') #根据路径直接打开文件
print(os.getcwd()) #返回当前工作目录
lst = os.listdir('fileprocessing') #返回文件目录下所有对象
print(lst)
lst2 = os.listdir('../pythonProject2') #需要输入路径
print(lst2)

# os.mkdir('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1') #创建单级目录
#os.makedirs('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1\\newdir2\\newdir3') #创建多级目录

path_abs = os.path.abspath('demo33.py') #返回对象的绝对路径
#结合exists函数判断路径是否存在后再进行创建目录
if os.path.exists('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1'):
    print('路径已存在，请勿重复创建')
else:
    os.mkdir('C:\\Users\宋子健\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject2\\newdir1')
filename_split = os.path.splitext('demo33.py') #以元组形式将文件名和拓展名分离
print(filename_split)
path_file_name_split = os.path.split('C:\\Users\\宋子健\\Desktop\\1.py') #将路径以及文件名分离
print(path_file_name_split)

path = os.getcwd()
lst = os.listdir(path)
for filename in lst:
    if filename.endswith('.py'): #判断文件名是否以.py结尾
        print('%s是一个python文件'%filename)
    else:
        pass

path = os.getcwd()
lst_cwd = os.walk(path) #以元组形式遍历路径下所有的路径、文件以及文件名
print(lst_cwd)
for dirpath,dirname,filename in lst_cwd:
    print(dirpath)
    print(dirname)
    print(filename)
    print('----------------')
    for dir in dirname:
        print(os.path.join(dirpath,dir)) #连接目录以及目录下所有子目录
    for file in filename:
        print(os.path.join(dirpath,file))
    print('***************')

输出内容为：
C:\Python\pycharm\projects\project2\Scripts\python.exe C:/Users/宋子健/PycharmProjects/pythonProject2/demo33.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2
[‘init.py’]
[’.idea’, ‘copy2.jpg’, ‘copy2.png’, ‘demo1.py’, ‘demo10.py’, ‘demo11.py’, ‘demo12.py’, ‘demo13.py’, ‘demo14.py’, ‘demo15.py’, ‘demo16.py’, ‘demo17.py’, ‘demo18.py’, ‘demo19.py’, ‘demo2.py’, ‘demo20.py’, ‘demo21.py’, ‘demo22.py’, ‘demo23.py’, ‘demo24.py’, ‘demo25.py’, ‘demo26.py’, ‘demo27.py’, ‘demo28.py’, ‘demo29.py’, ‘demo3.py’, ‘demo30.py’, ‘demo31.py’, ‘demo32.py’, ‘demo33.py’, ‘demo4.py’, ‘demo5.py’, ‘demo6.py’, ‘demo7.py’, ‘demo8.py’, ‘demo9.py’, ‘fileprocessing’, ‘first.py’, ‘newdir1’, ‘testing.txt’, ‘京东平台介绍.jpg’, ‘苏宁平台介绍.jpg’, ‘苏宁平台介绍2.jpg’]
路径已存在，请勿重复创建
(‘demo33’, ‘.py’)
(‘C:\Users\宋子健\Desktop’, ‘1.py’)
demo1.py是一个python文件
demo10.py是一个python文件
demo11.py是一个python文件
demo12.py是一个python文件
demo13.py是一个python文件
demo14.py是一个python文件
demo15.py是一个python文件
demo16.py是一个python文件
demo17.py是一个python文件
demo18.py是一个python文件
demo19.py是一个python文件
demo2.py是一个python文件
demo20.py是一个python文件
demo21.py是一个python文件
demo22.py是一个python文件
demo23.py是一个python文件
demo24.py是一个python文件
demo25.py是一个python文件
demo26.py是一个python文件
demo27.py是一个python文件
demo28.py是一个python文件
demo29.py是一个python文件
demo3.py是一个python文件
demo30.py是一个python文件
demo31.py是一个python文件
demo32.py是一个python文件
demo33.py是一个python文件
demo4.py是一个python文件
demo5.py是一个python文件
demo6.py是一个python文件
demo7.py是一个python文件
demo8.py是一个python文件
demo9.py是一个python文件
first.py是一个python文件
<generator object _walk at 0x000001CEA2815890>
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2
[’.idea’, ‘fileprocessing’, ‘newdir1’]
[‘copy2.jpg’, ‘copy2.png’, ‘demo1.py’, ‘demo10.py’, ‘demo11.py’, ‘demo12.py’, ‘demo13.py’, ‘demo14.py’, ‘demo15.py’, ‘demo16.py’, ‘demo17.py’, ‘demo18.py’, ‘demo19.py’, ‘demo2.py’, ‘demo20.py’, ‘demo21.py’, ‘demo22.py’, ‘demo23.py’, ‘demo24.py’, ‘demo25.py’, ‘demo26.py’, ‘demo27.py’, ‘demo28.py’, ‘demo29.py’, ‘demo3.py’, ‘demo30.py’, ‘demo31.py’, ‘demo32.py’, ‘demo33.py’, ‘demo4.py’, ‘demo5.py’, ‘demo6.py’, ‘demo7.py’, ‘demo8.py’, ‘demo9.py’, ‘first.py’, ‘testing.txt’, ‘京东平台介绍.jpg’, ‘苏宁平台介绍.jpg’, ‘苏宁平台介绍2.jpg’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\fileprocessing
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\copy2.jpg
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\copy2.png
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo1.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo10.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo11.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo12.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo13.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo14.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo15.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo16.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo17.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo18.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo19.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo2.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo20.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo21.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo22.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo23.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo24.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo25.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo26.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo27.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo28.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo29.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo3.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo30.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo31.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo32.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo33.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo4.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo5.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo6.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo7.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo8.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\demo9.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\first.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\testing.txt
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\京东平台介绍.jpg
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\苏宁平台介绍.jpg
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\苏宁平台介绍2.jpg

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea
[‘inspectionProfiles’]
[’.gitignore’, ‘misc.xml’, ‘modules.xml’, ‘pythonProject2.iml’, ‘workspace.xml’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\inspectionProfiles
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea.gitignore
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\misc.xml
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\modules.xml
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\pythonProject2.iml
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\workspace.xml

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\inspectionProfiles
[]
[‘profiles_settings.xml’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2.idea\inspectionProfiles\profiles_settings.xml

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\fileprocessing
[]
[‘init.py’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\fileprocessing_init_.py

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1
[‘newdir2’]
[]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2
[‘newdir3’]
[‘2.1.py’, ‘2.2.py’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\newdir3
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\2.1.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\2.2.py

---

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\newdir3
[]
[‘3.1.py’, ‘3.2.py’]

C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\newdir3\3.1.py
C:\Users\宋子健\PycharmProjects\pythonProject2\newdir1\newdir2\newdir3\3.2.py

---

Process finished with exit code 0

那么某站上的课的基础就到这边结束了，后面会开始跟着写一些系统或者什么的，反正也是继续锻炼。