解决Linux 下启动selenium 报错

在centos 下安装chrome
1、安装chrome
用下面的命令安装Google Chrome
yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
也可以先下载至本地，然后安装
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
yum install ./google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

2、安装 chromedriver（末尾附chrome和chromedriver的对应版本）
chrome官网
wget https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.38/chromedriver_linux64.zip
淘宝源（推荐）
wget http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/2.41/chromedriver_linux64.zip

将下载的文件解压，放在如下位置
unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip
mv chromedriver /usr/bin/
给予执行权限
chmod +x /usr/bin/chromedriver

3.验证环境是否成功
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
4.报错如下
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “”, line 1, in
File “/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py”, line 81, in init
desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
File “/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”, line 157, in init
self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
File “/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”, line 252, in start_session
response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
File “/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”, line 321, in execute
self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File “/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py”, line 242, in check_response
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally.
(unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn’t exist)
(The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
解决方案如下：
加上代码：

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument(‘–no-sandbox‘)
chrome_options.add_argument(‘–disable-dev-shm-usage‘)
chrome_options.add_argument(‘–headless‘)
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)

其中
“–no-sandbox”参数是让Chrome在root权限下跑
“–headless”参数是不用打开图形界面
可以额外加这些参数获得更好体验

chrome_options.add_argument(‘blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false‘)
chrome_options.add_argument(‘–disable-gpu‘)