参考知识: 字典树(前缀树)
题目描述:
实现一个 Trie (前缀树),包含 insert
, search
, 和 startsWith
这三个操作。
示例:
Trie trie = new Trie(); trie.insert("apple"); trie.search("apple"); // 返回 true trie.search("app"); // 返回 false trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 true trie.insert("app"); trie.search("app"); // 返回 true
说明:
- 你可以假设所有的输入都是由小写字母
a-z
构成的。 - 保证所有输入均为非空字符串。
解答:
import java.util.TreeMap;//底层是红黑树
class Trie{
private class Node{
public boolean isWord;
public TreeMap<Character, Node> next;
public Node(boolean isWord) {
this.isWord=isWord;
next=new TreeMap<>();
}
public Node() {
this(false);
}
}
private Node root;
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
public Trie() {
root=new Node();
}
/** Inserts a word into the trie. */
public void insert(String word) {
Node cur=root;
for(int i=0;i<word.length();i++) {
char c=word.charAt(i);
if(cur.next.get(c)==null) {
cur.next.put(c, new Node());
}
cur=cur.next .get(c);
}
cur.isWord=true;
}
/** Returns if the word is in the trie. */
public boolean search(String word) {
Node cur=root;
for(int i=0;i<word.length();i++) {
char c=word.charAt(i);
if(cur.next.get(c)==null) {
return false;
}
cur=cur.next.get(c);
}
return cur.isWord;
}
/** Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix. */
public boolean startsWith(String prefix) {
Node cur=root;
for(int i=0;i<prefix.length();i++) {
char c=prefix.charAt(i);
if(cur.next.get(c)==null) {
return false;
}
cur=cur.next.get(c);
}
return true;
}
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* Trie obj = new Trie();
* obj.insert(word);
* boolean param_2 = obj.search(word);
* boolean param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix);
*/
}