容器学习之镜像命令(九)

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#docker命令 #镜像命令

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本文介绍了Docker的镜像管理命令，包括显示镜像列表、构建历史、创建新镜像、从Dockerfile构建、打tag、删除、搜索、下载和上传镜像。推荐使用Dockerfile来构建镜像，后续将讲解建立本地仓库和上传到公共仓库。

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images 显示镜像列表

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image            latest              156761cbda42        4 days ago          200MB
httpd               latest              0240c8f5816c        9 days ago          132MB
centos              latest              75835a67d134        2 weeks ago         200MB
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images my-image
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image            latest              156761cbda42        4 days ago          200MB
root@ubuntu:/home/yj#

history 显示镜像构建历史

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker history my-image
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
156761cbda42        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV WELCOME=you are in mu…   0B                  
58c8dc2c1373        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:1dd32835d0dddd036…   0B                  
8e2dc00832b6        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:c47f7dda7d4863fc…   0B                  
f01a0290b924        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c touch tmpfile1                       0B                  
01472d2d5f9f        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /testdir              0B                  
e66224d7b144        4 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER yangjin@qq.com    0B                  
75835a67d134        2 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B                  
<missing>           2 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B                  
<missing>           2 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:fbe9badfd2790f074…   200MB

commit 从容器创建新镜像

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker commit 0c077430c575 my-image2:latest
sha256:3ec340b57cca0fbaeff12f082ad33153d5529ae432cb53a2336dba3311b1731b
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image2           latest              3ec340b57cca        18 seconds ago      132MB

build 从Dockerfile 构建镜像

容器学习之扩展镜像(五) 这里有提到怎么用Dockerfile构建镜像，这也是比较推荐的方式。

tag 给镜像打 tag

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker tag my-image2 my-image2:Jim
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images my-image2
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image2           Jim                 3ec340b57cca        5 minutes ago       132MB
my-image2           latest              3ec340b57cca        5 minutes ago       132MB

rmi 删除 Docker host 中的镜像

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images my-image2
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image2           Jim                 3ec340b57cca        7 minutes ago       132MB
my-image2           Ketty               3ec340b57cca        7 minutes ago       132MB
my-image2           latest              3ec340b57cca        7 minutes ago       132MB

#删除指定版本号的镜像
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker rmi my-image2:Jim
Untagged: my-image2:Jim
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images my-image2
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image2           Ketty               3ec340b57cca        8 minutes ago       132MB
my-image2           latest              3ec340b57cca        8 minutes ago       132MB

#默认删除最新版本的镜像
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker rmi my-image2
Untagged: my-image2:latest
root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker images my-image2
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
my-image2           Ketty               3ec340b57cca        8 minutes ago       132MB

search 搜索Docker Hub中的镜像

root@ubuntu:/home/yj# docker search httpd
NAME                                    DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
httpd                                   The Apache HTTP Server Project                  2098                [OK]                
hypriot/rpi-busybox-httpd               Raspberry Pi compatible Docker Image with a …   44                                      
centos/httpd                                                                            21                                      [OK]
centos/httpd-24-centos7                 Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui…   18                                      
armhf/httpd                             The Apache HTTP Server Project                  8