RabbitMQ(五)、RabbitMQ 与 Spring 集成_spring5 rabbitmq-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_33375499/article/details/114946689

本文介绍如何将RabbitMQ与Spring框架集成，并通过示例代码演示了配置过程及消息传递实现。涵盖依赖引入、配置文件编写、生产者与消费者的实现及测试。

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RabbitMQ 与 Spring 集成

一、XML核心对象
二、RabbitMQ 与 Spring 集成

一、XML核心对象

	<!--配置connection-factory，指定连接rabbit server参数 -->
	<rabbit:connection-factory />
	<!--通过指定下面的admin信息，当前producer中的exchange和queue会在rabbitmq服务器上自动生成 -->
	<rabbit:admin />
	<!--定义queue -->
	<rabbit:queue />
	<!-- 定义direct exchange(fanout exchange/Topic exchange)，绑定rabbit:queue -->
	<rabbit:direct-exchange>
		<!-- 定义binding key：与queue进行绑定 -->
		<rabbit:bindings>
		</rabbit:bindings>
	</rabbit:direct-exchange>
	<!--定义rabbit template用于数据的接收和发送 -->
	<rabbit:template />
	<!-- 消息接收者 -->
	<bean id="messageReceiver" class="xxx.xxx.xxx.MessageConsumer"></bean>
	<!-- queue litener 观察 监听模式 当有消息到达时会通知监听在对应的队列上的监听对象 -->
	<rabbit:listener-container>
        <rabbit:listener queues="queue" ref="messageReceiver"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>

在这里插入图片描述

二、RabbitMQ 与 Spring 集成

1. 引入依赖

Spring 5 + jdk8

1.1 Spring相关依赖

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
     <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>

1.2 RabbitMQ相关依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.amqp/spring-rabbit -->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
     <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>

2. 编写配置文件

2.1 Spring配置文件-application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath*:rabbitMQ.xml" />

    <!-- 扫描指定package下所有带有如@controller,@services,@resource,@ods并把所注释的注册为Spring Beans -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lizq.rabbit" />

    <!-- 激活annotation功能 -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 激活annotation功能 -->
    <context:spring-configured />
</beans>

2.2 RabbitMQ配置文件-rabbitMQ.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.2.xsd">
    <!--配置connection-factory，指定连接rabbit server参数 -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" virtual-host="/" username="admin" password="admin"
                               host="127.0.0.1" port="5672"/>

    <!--通过指定下面的admin信息，当前producer中的exchange和queue会在rabbitmq服务器上自动生成 -->
    <rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定义queue -->
    <rabbit:queue name="spring_rabbitmq_test_queue" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"
                  declared-by="connectAdmin"/>

    <!-- 定义direct exchange，绑定spring_rabbitmq_test_queue -->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange name="spring_rabbitmq_test_exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false"
                            declared-by="connectAdmin">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_rabbitmq_test_queue" key="kiss"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>

    <!--定义rabbit template用于数据的接收和发送 -->
    <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="spring_rabbitmq_test_exchange"/>

    <!-- 消息接收者 -->
    <bean id="messageReceiver" class="com.lizq.rabbit.MessageConsumer"></bean>

    <!-- queue litener 观察 监听模式 当有消息到达时会通知监听在对应的队列上的监听对象 -->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
        <rabbit:listener queues="spring_rabbitmq_test_queue" ref="messageReceiver"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

3. 生产者

package com.lizq.rabbit;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class MessageProvider {
    @Resource(name = "amqpTemplate")
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(Object msg) {
        // 发送消息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("kiss", msg);
    }
}

4. 消费者

package com.lizq.rabbit;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class MessageConsumer implements MessageListener {

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        System.out.println("message:" + new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }
}

5. 测试类

package com.lizq.rabbit;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application.xml");
        MessageProvider bean = applicationContext.getBean(MessageProvider.class);
        bean.sendMessage("阁下可是常山赵子龙");
    }
}