Centos 7安装 Oracle Database Release 12.2

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   第一次写博客，各位大佬海涵。 如有错误请指正，谢谢。

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ORACLE_BASE：u[01-99]/app/user            //user为运行oracle安装程序的用户

Oracle Home: oracle database的家目录/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1

1.依赖关系

bc
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (i686)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64) 
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (i686)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (x86_64)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (i686)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (i686)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXrender (i686)
libXrender (x86_64)
libXrender-devel (i686)
libXrender-devel (x86_64)
make-3.82-19.el7 (x86_64)
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 (x86_64) (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware)
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.21.el7.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS)
smartmontools-6.2-4.el7 (x86_64)
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7 (x86_64)

2.创建用户组oinstall、dba、oper,并创建用户oracle 

# groupadd -g 2000 oinstall      //oracle 数据库安装软件所有者的主要组。

# groupadd -g 2001 dba          //dba组成员被授予sysdba特权以管理数据库

# groupadd -g 2002 oper        //授予成员OPERATOR权限

# useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba,oper -u 2000

mkdir -p /u01/app

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

3.设置内核参数以及限制

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152     //全部允许使用的共享内存大小，物理内存的40%（4K页）。8*1024*1024*1024/4096*0.5

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295    //单个段允许使用的大小，物理内存大小的一半（以字节为单位）。  8*1024*1024*1024*0.5

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# sysctl -p

 

Resource Shell Limit	Resource	Soft Limit	Hard Limit
Open file descriptors	nofile	至少1024	至少65536
Number of processes available to a single user	nproc	至少2047	至少16384
Size of the stack segment of the process	stack	至少10240 KB	至少10240 KB, 最多32768 KB
Maximum locked memory limit	memlock	at least 90 percent of the current RAM when HugePages memory is enabled and at least 3145728 KB (3 GB) when HugePages memory is disabled	at least 90 percent of the current RAM when HugePages memory is enabled and at least 3145728 KB (3 GB) when HugePages memory is disabled

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle  soft  nofile  1024          //单个进程可以打开的最大文件句柄数 soft 限制当前用户: soft<=hard

oracle  hard  nofile  65536

oracle  soft  nproc   2047       //单个用户可以打开的最大进程数

oracle  hard  nproc   16384

oracle  soft  stack   10240      //线程默认栈空间大小

oracle  hard  stack   32768

4.解压安装包

#cd /opt

# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

# chown oracle database -R

5.切换并设置环境变量

# su oracle

$vi ~/.bash_profile

umask= 022

expert ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

6.运行安装程序

$ cd /opt/database/

$ ./runInstaller

# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

7.追加环境变量

$ vi ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=orcl   

//ORACLE_SID为安装过程中创建的SID,oracle启动时用来构建实例的各个进程若未设置则报错ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin