Python PPT自动化: 高效制作演示文稿的利器

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 12:59:06 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 12:59:06 发布

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文章标签： python powerpoint 自动化

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_32516133/article/details/140217327

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Python PPT自动化: 高效制作演示文稿的利器

1. 引言

PowerPoint (PPT) 是日常办公中不可或缺的工具,但手动制作PPT往往耗时耗力。Python提供了强大的PPT自动化功能,能够大大提高制作效率。本文将介绍如何使用Python进行PPT自动化操作。

2. 安装必要的库

首先,我们需要安装python-pptx库:

pip install python-pptx

3. 创建新的PPT文件

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()
title_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[0]
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(title_slide_layout)
title = slide.shapes.title
subtitle = slide.placeholders[1]

title.text = "Hello, World!"
subtitle.text = "python-pptx was here!"

prs.save('test.pptx')

这段代码创建了一个新的PPT文件,添加了一个标题页,并保存为test.pptx。

4. 添加文本框

from pptx.util import Inches, Pt

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
shapes = slide.shapes

left = top = width = height = Inches(1)
txBox = shapes.add_textbox(left, top, width, height)
tf = txBox.text_frame

tf.text = "This is text inside a textbox"

这段代码在新的幻灯片上添加了一个文本框。

5. 插入图片

img_path = 'image.png'
left = top = Inches(1)
pic = slide.shapes.add_picture(img_path, left, top)

这段代码在幻灯片上插入了一张图片。

6. 添加表格

rows = cols = 2
left = top = Inches(2)
width = Inches(6)
height = Inches(0.8)

table = shapes.add_table(rows, cols, left, top, width, height).table

# 填充表格数据
table.cell(0, 0).text = 'Row 1, Col 1'
table.cell(0, 1).text = 'Row 1, Col 2'
table.cell(1, 0).text = 'Row 2, Col 1'
table.cell(1, 1).text = 'Row 2, Col 2'

这段代码在幻灯片上添加了一个2x2的表格并填充了数据。

7. 设置字体和样式

from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.util import Pt

paragraph = tf.add_paragraph()
paragraph.text = "This is a second paragraph"
paragraph.font.bold = True
paragraph.font.italic = True
paragraph.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0)
paragraph.font.size = Pt(15)

这段代码展示了如何设置文本的字体,颜色和大小。

8. 添加形状

from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE

left = top = width = height = Inches(1)
shape = shapes.add_shape(
    MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE, left, top, width, height
)
shape.fill.solid()
shape.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0)

这段代码添加了一个红色的圆角矩形。

9. 批量生成PPT

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_excel('data.xlsx')

prs = Presentation()

for index, row in data.iterrows():
    slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
    title = slide.shapes.title
    content = slide.placeholders[1]

    title.text = row['Title']
    content.text = row['Content']

prs.save('generated.pptx')

这段代码从Excel文件中读取数据,并为每行数据生成一张幻灯片。

10. 修改现有PPT

prs = Presentation('existing.pptx')

for slide in prs.slides:
    for shape in slide.shapes:
        if hasattr(shape, 'text'):
            shape.text = shape.text.replace('Old', 'New')

prs.save('modified.pptx')

这段代码打开一个现有的PPT文件,将所有文本中的"Old"替换为"New"。

11. 实际应用案例: 自动生成周报PPT

下面是一个更复杂的例子,展示如何自动生成周报PPT:

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
import pandas as pd

def create_weekly_report(data, output_file):
    prs = Presentation()

    # 添加标题页
    title_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[0]
    slide = prs.slides.add_slide(title_slide_layout)
    title = slide.shapes.title
    subtitle = slide.placeholders[1]
    title.text = "Weekly Report"
    subtitle.text = f"Week of {data['week']}"

    # 添加概述页
    bullet_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[1]
    slide = prs.slides.add_slide(bullet_slide_layout)
    shapes = slide.shapes
    title_shape = shapes.title
    body_shape = shapes.placeholders[1]
    title_shape.text = 'Overview'
    tf = body_shape.text_frame
    tf.text = f"Total Sales: ${data['total_sales']}"
    p = tf.add_paragraph()
    p.text = f"New Customers: {data['new_customers']}"
    p = tf.add_paragraph()
    p.text = f"Customer Satisfaction: {data['satisfaction']}%"

    # 添加销售图表
    chart_slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[5]
    slide = prs.slides.add_slide(chart_slide_layout)
    shapes = slide.shapes
    title_shape = shapes.title
    title_shape.text = 'Sales by Product'
    chart_data = CategoryChartData()
    chart_data.categories = data['products']
    chart_data.add_series('Series 1', data['sales'])
    x, y, cx, cy = Inches(2), Inches(2), Inches(6), Inches(4.5)
    chart = shapes.add_chart(
        XL_CHART_TYPE.COLUMN_CLUSTERED, x, y, cx, cy, chart_data
    ).chart

    prs.save(output_file)

# 使用示例
data = {
    'week': '2023-05-22',
    'total_sales': 100000,
    'new_customers': 50,
    'satisfaction': 95,
    'products': ['Product A', 'Product B', 'Product C'],
    'sales': [5000, 3000, 2000]
}

create_weekly_report(data, 'weekly_report.pptx')