图书管理系统实现

#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h> //控制台数据输入输出的函数
#include<fstream>//文件流
#include<iomanip> //控制数据输出格式
#include<string>
using namespace std;

const int Maxr = 100;//最多的读者数 
const int Maxb = 100; //最多的图书数
const int Maxbor = 5; //每位读者最多借的书



class Book
{//图书类，实现对图书的描述，图书的编号，书名，借出，还入等功能
private:
	int tag; //删除标记 1:已删 0:未删
	int no; //图书编号
	char name[20]; //书名     
	char author[20];//作者
	char fenlei[20];//分类号
	char cbs[20]; //出版社
	int cbtime;//出版时间
	double bookprice;//图书价格
	int onshelf; //是否再架 1:再架 2:已借 
public:
	Book(){ ; }
	char *getname()
	{//获取书名
		return name;
	}
	char *getauthorname()
	{//获取作者名
		return author;
	}

	char *getfenlei()
	{//获取分类号
		return fenlei;
	}
	char *getcbsname()
	{//获取出版社名 
		return cbs;
	}
	int getcbtime()
	{//获取出版时间
		return cbtime;
	}
	double getbookprice()
	{//获取图书价格
		return bookprice;
	}
	int getno()
	{//获取图书编号
		return no;
	}
	int gettag()
	{//获取删除标记 
		return tag;
	}

	void setname(char na[])
	{//设置书名
		strcpy(name, na);
	}
	void setauthorname(char aa[])
	{//设置作者名
		strcpy(author, aa);
	}
	void setfenlei(char fe[])
	{//设置分类号
		strcpy(fenlei, fe);
	}
	void setcbs(char ca[])
	{//设置出版社
		strcpy(cbs, ca);
	}

	void setcbtime(int time)
	{//设置时间
		cbtime = time;
	}
	void setbookprice(double price)
	{//设置图书价格
		bookprice = price;
	}
	void setonshelf(int oa)
	{
		onshelf = oa;
	}
	void delbook()
	{//删除图书
		char i;
		cout << "确定删除吗？Y/N ?" << endl;
		cin >> i;
		if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
			tag = 1;
	}
	void addbook(int n, char *na, char *aa, char *fe, char *ca, int time, double price, int oa)
	{//增加图书 
		tag = 0;
		no = n;
		strcpy(name, na);
		strcpy(author, aa);
		strcpy(cbs, ca);
		strcpy(fenlei, fe);
		cbtime = time;
		bookprice = price;
		onshelf = oa;
	}
	int borrowbook()
	{//借书操作 
		if (onshelf>0)
		{
			onshelf--;
			return 1;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	void retbook()
	{//还书操作
		onshelf++;
	}
	void disp()
	{//输出图书 
		cout << setw(3) << no << setw(10) << name << setw(10) << author << setw(10) << fenlei << setw(15) << cbs << setw(10) << cbtime << setw(10) << bookprice << setw(10) << onshelf << endl;
	}
};


class BDatabase
{//图书库类，实现对图书的维护，查找，删除等 
private:
	int top; //图书记录指针
	Book book[Maxb]; //图书记录
public:
	BDatabase()
	{//构造函数，将book.txt读到book[]中 
		Book b;
		top = -1;
		fstream file("book.txt", ios::in);
		while (1)
		{
			file.read((char *)&b, sizeof(b));
			if (!file)
				break;
			top++;
			book[top] = b;
		}
		file.close();
	}
	void clear()
	{//全删 
		char i;
		cout << "确定全部删除吗？Y/N ?" << endl;
		cin >> i;
		if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
			top = -1;
	}
	int addbook(int n, char *na, char *aa, char *fe, char *ca, int time, double price, int oa)
	{//增加图书 
		Book *p = query1(n);
		if (NULL == p)
		{
			top++;
			book[top].addbook(n, na, aa, fe, ca, time, price, oa);
			return 1;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	Book *query1(int bookid)
	{//按编号查找图书 
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (book[i].getno() == bookid &&book[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				return &book[i];
			}
		return NULL;
	}
	Book *query2(char a[])
	{//按书名查找图书
		Book *e;
		int r = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (strcmp(book[i].getname(), a) == 0 && book[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				if (r == 0)
					cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
				e = &book[i];
				e->disp();
				r++;
			}
		if (r == 0)
			cout << "找不到该书!" << endl;
		return NULL;
	}
	Book *query3(char a[])
	{//按作者查找图书 
		Book *e;
		int r = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (strcmp(book[i].getauthorname(), a) == 0 && book[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				if (r == 0)
					cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
				e = &book[i];
				e->disp();
				r++;
			}
		if (r == 0)
			cout << "找不到该书!" << endl;
		return NULL;
	}
	Book *query4(char a[])
	{//按出版社查找图书 
		Book *e;
		int r = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (strcmp(book[i].getcbsname(), a) == 0 && book[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				if (r == 0)cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
				e = &book[i];
				e->disp();
				r++;
			}
		if (r == 0)
			cout << "找不到该书!" << endl;
		return NULL;
	}
	void bookdata(); //图书库信息
	void disp()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (book[i].gettag() == 0)
				book[i].disp();
	}
	~BDatabase()
	{//析构函数，将book[]写到book.txt文件中 
		fstream file("book.txt", ios::out);
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (book[i].gettag() == 0)
				file.write((char *)&book[i], sizeof(book[i]));
		file.close();
	}
};
void BDatabase::bookdata()
{
	char choice3;
	char bname[40];//书名
	char auname[40];//作者名
	char bfenlei[40];//分类号
	char cname[40];//出版社
	int time;//出版时间
	double price;//价格
	char ch;
	int choice4;
	int bookid;
	int bookod;
	Book *b;
	while (choice3 != '0')
	{
		cout << "\n\t\t\t**  图 书 信 息 **\n" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 1.新    增 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 2.更    改 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 3.删    除 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 4.查    找 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 5.显    示 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 6.全    删 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 0.返    回 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t 请选择：";
		cin >> choice3;
		switch (choice3)
		{
		case '1':
			cout << "请输入新书编号:";
			cin >> bookid;

			b = query1(bookid);
			if (b != NULL)
			{
				cout << "该编号已经存在，不能添加!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			cout << "请输入新书书名:";
			cin >> bname;
			cout << "请输入新书作者名:";
			cin >> auname;
			cout << "请输入新书分类号:";
			cin >> bfenlei;
			cout << "请输入新书出版社:";
			cin >> cname;
			cout << "请输入新书出版时间:";
			cin >> time;
			cout << "请输入图书价格:";
			cin >> price;

			cout << "请输入新书数量:";
			cin >> bookod;
			addbook(bookid, bname, auname, bfenlei, cname, time, price, bookod);


			char choice2;
			{
				cout << "\n\t\t\t** 是 否 保 存 Y/N ?**\n" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 1. Y 保  存 **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 0. N 不  保  存 **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t 请 选 择: ";
				cin >> choice2;
				switch (choice2)
				{
				case '1':


					cout << "添加图书成功!";

					break;
				case '0':

					break;
				}
			}
			getch();
			break;
		case '2':
			cout << "请输入图书编号:";
			cin >> bookid;
			b = query1(bookid);
			if (b == NULL)
			{
				cout << "该图书不存在! " << endl;
				break;
			}
			cout << "该图书的信息是：" << endl;
			cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
			b->disp();
			cout << "是否修改?( y/n ):";
			cin >> ch;
			if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
			{
				int a;
				cout << "\n\t\t\t**  图 书 修 改 **\n" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 1.修 改 书 名   **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 2.修 改 作 者   **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 3.修 改 分 类 号  **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 4.修 改 出 版 社  **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 5.修 改 出 版 时 间**" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 6.修 改 图 书 价 格**" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 7.修 改 图 书 数 量**" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t** 0.返    回 **" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t\t 请选择：";
				cin >> a;
				switch (a)
				{
				case 1: cout << "请输入新的书名:";
					cin >> bname; b->setname(bname); break;
				case 2:  cout << "请输入新的作者:";
					cin >> auname; b->setauthorname(auname); break;
				case 3: cout << "请输入新的分类号:";
					cin >> bfenlei; b->setfenlei(bfenlei); break;
				case 4: cout << "请输入新书出版社:";
					cin >> cname; b->setcbs(cname); break;
				case 5: cout << "请输入新书出版时间:";
					cin >> time; b->setcbtime(time); break;
				case 6: cout << "请输入图书价格:";
					cin >> price; b->setbookprice(price); break;
				case 7: cout << "请输入新的存量:";
					cin >> bookod; b->setonshelf(bookod); break;
				case 0: break;
				}
			}
			cout << "修改图书成功!";
			getch();
			break;
		case '3':
			cout << "请输入图书编号:";
			cin >> bookid;
			b = query1(bookid);
			if (b == NULL)
			{
				cout << "该图书不存在，无法删除!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			b->delbook();
			cout << "删除成功!";
			getch();
			break;
		case '4':
			cout << "\n\t\t\t** 1.按图书编号查找 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 2.按图书书名查找 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 3.按图书作者查找 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 4.按图书出版社查找**" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 0. 返   回  **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t 请选择:";
			cin >> choice4;
			switch (choice4)
			{
			case 1:
				cout << "请输入图书编号:";
				cin >> bookid;
				b = query1(bookid);
				if (b == NULL)
				{
					cout << "该图书不存在!";
					break;
				}
				cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
				b->disp();
				break;
			case 2:
				cout << "请输入图书书名:";
				cin >> bname;
				b = query2(bname);
				break;
			case 3:
				cout << "请输入图书作者:";
				cin >> auname;
				b = query3(auname);
				break;
			case 4:
				cout << "请输入图书出版社:";
				cin >> cname;
				b = query4(cname);
				break;
			case 0:
				break;
			}
			break;
		case '5':
			cout << setw(3) << "编号" << setw(10) << "书名" << setw(10) << "作者" << setw(10) << "分类号" << setw(15) << "出版社" << setw(10) << "出版时间" << setw(10) << "图书价格" << setw(10) << "存量" << endl;
			disp();
			getch();
			break;
		case '6':
			clear();
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}


class Reader
{//读者的信息描述 
private:
	int tag; //删除标记 1表示已删 0表示未删 
	int no; //读者编号
	char name[20]; //读者姓名 
	int borbook[Maxbor]; //所借图书 
public:
	Reader() //构造函数
	{
		;
	}
	friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Reader &rd)
	{
		output << rd.no;
		output << "  ";
		output << endl;
		return output;
	}
	char *getname()
	{//获取姓名 
		return name;

	}
	int gettag()
	{//获取删除标记 
		return tag;
	}
	int getno()
	{//获取读者编号 
		return no;
	}
	void setname(char na[])
	{//设置姓名 
		strcpy(name, na);
	}
	void delbook()
	{//设置删除标记 1:已删 0:未删 
		char i;
		cout << "确定删除吗？Y/N ?" << endl;
		cin >> i;
		if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
			tag = 1;
	}
	void addreader(int n, char *na)
	{//增加读者 
		tag = 0;
		no = n;
		strcpy(name, na);
		for (int i = 0; i<Maxbor; i++)
			borbook[i] = 0;
	}
	void borrowbook(int bookid)
	{//借书操作 
		for (int i = 0; i<Maxbor; i++)
		{
			if (borbook[i] == 0)
			{
				borbook[i] = bookid;
				return;
			}
		}
	}
	int retbook(int bookid)
	{//还书操作 
		for (int i = 0; i<Maxbor; i++)
		{
			if (borbook[i] == bookid)
			{
				borbook[i] = 0;
				cout << "还书成功!" << endl;
				return 1;
			}
		}
		cout << "未借该书，还书失败!" << endl;
		return 0;
	}
	void disp()
	{//读出读者信息
		int have = 0;
		int bz = 0;
		cout << setw(5) << no << setw(21) << name << setw(15);
		for (int i = 0; i<Maxbor; i++)
			if (borbook[i] != 0)
			{
				if (bz == 0)
				{
					have = 1;
					cout << "[" << borbook[i] << "]\t\t" << endl;
					bz++;
				}
				else
				{
					cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t""[" << borbook[i] << "]\t\t" << setw(15) << endl;
				}
			}
		if (have == 0)
			cout << "\t   还未借书" << endl;
	}
};

class RDatabase
{//读者类库，实现建立读者的个人资料 
private:
	int top; //读者记录指针 
	Reader read[Maxr]; //读者记录 
public:
	RDatabase()
	{//构造函数，将reader.txt读到read[]中 
		Reader s;
		top = -1;
		fstream file("reader.txt", ios::in); //打开一个输入文件
		while (1)
		{
			file.read((char *)&s, sizeof(s));
			if (!file)
				break;
			top++;
			read[top] = s;
		}
		file.close(); //关闭 reader.txt 文件
	}
	void clear()
	{//删除所有读者信息 
		char i;
		cout << "确定全部删除吗？Y/N ?" << endl;
		cin >> i;
		if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
			top = -1;
	}
	int addreader(int n, char *na)
	{//添加读者时先查找是否存在 
		Reader *p = queryid(n);
		if (p == NULL)
		{
			top++;
			read[top].addreader(n, na);
			return 1;
		}
		else
			cout << "该编号已经存在!";
		return 0;
	}
	Reader *queryid(int readerid)
	{//按读者编号查找
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (read[i].getno() == readerid&&read[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				return &read[i];
			}
		return NULL;
	}
	Reader *queryname(char readername[10])
	{//按读者姓名查找
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (strcmp(read[i].getname(), readername) == 0 && read[i].gettag() == 0)
			{
				return &read[i];
			}
		return NULL;
	}
	void disp()
	{//输出所有读者信息 
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (read[i].gettag() == 0)
				read[i].disp();
	}
	void readerdata(); //读者库信息
	~RDatabase()
	{//析构函数，将read[]写到reader.txt文件中
		fstream file("reader.txt", ios::out);
		for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++)
			if (read[i].gettag() == 0)
				file.write((char *)&read[i], sizeof(read[i]));
		file.close();
	}
};

void RDatabase::readerdata()
{
	char choice1;
	char rname[20];
	int readerid;
	char readername[10];
	int choice2;
	Reader *r;
	while (choice1 != '0')
	{
		cout << "\n\t\t\t** 读 者 信 息 **\n" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 1. 新    增 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 2. 更    改 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 3. 删    除 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 4. 查    找 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 5. 显    示 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 6. 全    删 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t** 0. 返    回 **" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t 请选择：";
		cin >> choice1;
		switch (choice1)
		{
		case '1':
			cout << "请输入读者编号:";
			cin >> readerid;
			cout << "请输入读者姓名:";
			cin >> rname;
			addreader(readerid, rname);
			cout << "添加读者成功!" << endl;
			getch();
			break;
		case '2':
			cout << "请输入读者编号:";
			cin >> readerid;
			r = queryid(readerid);
			if (r == NULL)
			{
				cout << "该读者不存在! " << endl;
				break;
			}
			cout << "请输入新的姓名:";
			cin >> rname;
			r->setname(rname);
			cout << "修改读者成功!" << endl;
			getch();
			break;
		case '3':
			cout << "请输入读者编号:";
			cin >> readerid;
			r = queryid(readerid);
			if (r == NULL)
			{
				cout << "该读者不存在!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			r->delbook();
			cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
			getch();
			break;
		case '4':
			cout << "\n\t\t\t** 1.按读者编号查找 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 2.按读者姓名查找 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 0.返     回 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t 请选择:";
			cin >> choice2;
			switch (choice2)
			{
			case 1:
				cout << "请输入读者编号:";
				cin >> readerid;
				r = queryid(readerid);
				if (r == NULL)
				{
					cout << "该读者不存在!" << endl;
					break;
				}
				cout << setw(10) << "读者编号" << setw(17) << "读者姓名" << setw(20) << "已借书编号" << endl;
				r->disp();
				break;
			case 2:
				cout << "请输入读者姓名:";
				cin >> readername;
				r = queryname(readername);
				if (r == NULL)
				{
					cout << "该读者不存在!" << endl;
					break;
				}
				cout << setw(10) << "读者编号" << setw(17) << "读者姓名" << setw(20) << "已借书编号" << endl;
				r->disp();
				break;
			case 0:
				break;
			}
			break;
		case '5':
			cout << setw(10) << "读者编号" << setw(17) << "读者姓名" << setw(20) << "已借书编号" << endl;
			disp();
			getch();
			break;
		case '6':
			clear();
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}


class maindesk //实现程序的主界面 
{
	char choice5;
	char choice2;
	double xh, mm;
	int bookid, readerid;
	RDatabase ReaderDB;
	Reader *r;
	BDatabase BookDB;
	Book *b;
public:
	maindesk() { ; }

	int denglu()
	{

		int k = 0;
		cout << "\n\t\t\t 欢 迎 光 临 图 书 馆 管 理 系 统!" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t\t 您 共 有 3 次 登 陆 机 会" << endl;
		while (choice2 != '0')
		{
			++k;
			cout << "\t\t\t ** 1. 登  录 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t ** 0. 退  出 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t 请 选 择:  ";
			cin >> choice2;
			switch (choice2)
			{

			case '1':

				cout << "请输入学号和密码" << endl;
				cin >> xh >> mm;



				if ((xh >= 138325039) && (xh <= 138325039) && (xh == mm))
				{
					cout << "登录成功" << endl;
					enterdesk();
				}

				if ((xh<138325039) || (xh>138325039) || (xh != mm))
				{
					cout << "登录失败：您还有" << 3 - k << "次登陆机会" << endl;
					if (k >= 3)
					{
						cout << "您已超过登录次数上限，系统自动退出!" << endl;
						return 1;

					}
					continue;
				}
				break;

			case '0':
				break;
			}
			return 1;
		}
		return 0;
	}

	void enterdesk()
	{
		while (choice5 != '0')
		{
			cout << "\n\t\t\t**** 图 书 管 理 系 统****\n\n";
			cout << "\t\t\t** 1.图  书  信  息 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 2.读  者  信  息 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 3.借  阅  图  书 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 4.归  还  图  书 **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t** 0.   退  出   **" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t 请选择：";
			cin >> choice5;
			switch (choice5)
			{


			case '1':
				BookDB.bookdata();
				break;
			case '2':
				ReaderDB.readerdata();
				break;
			case '3':
				cout << "\t\t\t\t借书操作" << endl;
				cout << "请输入借书读者编号:";
				cin >> readerid;
				r = ReaderDB.queryid(readerid);
				if (NULL == r)
				{//按编号查找是否有该读者 
					cout << "不存在该读者，不能借书!" << endl;
					break;
				}
				cout << "请输入要借图书编号:";
				cin >> bookid;
				b = BookDB.query1(bookid);
				if (b == NULL)
				{//按编号查找是否有该图书 
					cout << "不存在该图书，不能借书!" << endl;
					break;
				}
				if (b->borrowbook() == 0)
				{
					cout << "该图书已借完，不能借书!" << endl;
					break;
				}
				cout << "读者借书成功!" << endl;
				r->borrowbook(b->getno());
				break;
			case '4':
				cout << "\t\t\t\t还书操作" << endl;
				cout << "请输入还书读者编号:";
				cin >> readerid;
				r = ReaderDB.queryid(readerid);
				if (r == NULL)
				{
					cout << "不存在该读者，不能还书" << endl;
					break;
				}
				cout << "请输入要归还图书编号:";
				cin >> bookid;
				b = BookDB.query1(bookid);
				if (b == NULL)
				{
					cout << "不存在该图书，不能还书" << endl;
					break;
				}
				b->retbook();
				r->retbook(b->getno());
				break;
			case '0':
				break;
			default:

				break;
			}
		}
	}
};
void main() //主函数
{
	maindesk yourDesk;
	if (yourDesk.denglu())
		cout << "\t\t 谢 谢 使 用 , 再 见 !" << endl;

}