Spring 报错：Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace

在开发项目过程中，将所用到的spring依赖包合并成一个，且先叫做Spring.jar好了。后面发现合并之后报错，而且即使spring依赖包没有合并，项目工程生成可运行jar后，也报同样的错，具体信息为

org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/**]

**指代不同的依赖包,如tx,context等。

网上的帖子，各种什么没加包的那种，也不至于犯这么低级错误。

见到一些说的挺合理的，检查一下，还真是这么回事：很多spring依赖包下都有META-INF/spring.handlers , META-INF/spring.schemas, META-INF/spring.tooling等几个文件,在打包jar的时候,后面的jar中的这几个文件会覆盖掉前面的jar中这几个文件的内容,导致最后这几个文件中只有最后一个jar的内容。

从下面几张图可以看到，几个文件里面只有Spring-tx的相关内容，而Spring-Context、Spring-beans等的内容都被覆盖了。

遗憾的是，项目用ant编译，找到的部分帖子里用的都是maven，而项目暂时还不用，所以也没找到一个比较好的方法。

参考文献里面也有对ant的说明，但是需要把spring的依赖包放在可运行jar的同级目录，项目中需要one-jar 状态，也不太现实。

所以用了一种比价蠢笨的方法，把几个文件的内容合并到一起，替换生成的Spring.jar里面文件的内容。

合并的内容包括以下几个Spring依赖包中文件的内容：
spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

合并后几个文件的内容如下：

1. spring.handlers

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop=org.springframework.aop.config.AopNamespaceHandler

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/c=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimpleConstructorNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/p=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimplePropertyNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.UtilNamespaceHandler

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context=org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee=org.springframework.ejb.config.JeeNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang=org.springframework.scripting.config.LangNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task=org.springframework.scheduling.config.TaskNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache=org.springframework.cache.config.CacheNamespaceHandler

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc=org.springframework.jdbc.config.JdbcNamespaceHandler

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx=org.springframework.transaction.config.TxNamespaceHandler

2. spring.schemas

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.2.xsd

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-3.2.xsd

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.2.xsd

3. spring.tooling

# Tooling related information for the aop namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@name=aop Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@prefix=aop
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@icon=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop.gif

# Tooling related information for the beans namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@name=beans Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@prefix=beans
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@icon=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans.gif

# Tooling related information for the util namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util@name=util Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util@prefix=util
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/util@icon=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util.gif

# Tooling related information for the context namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context@name=context Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context@prefix=context
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context@icon=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context.gif

# Tooling related information for the jee namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@name=jee Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@prefix=jee
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@icon=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee.gif

# Tooling related information for the scheduling namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task@name=task Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task@prefix=task
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task@icon=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task.gif

# Tooling related information for the lang namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@name=lang Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@prefix=lang
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@icon=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang.gif

# Tooling related information for the cache namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@name=cache Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@prefix=cache
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@icon=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache.gif

# Tooling related information for the jdbc namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@name=jdbc Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@prefix=jdbc
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@icon=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc.gif

# Tooling related information for the tx namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@name=tx Namespace
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@prefix=tx
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@icon=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx.gif

替换后合并的jar使用没有问题，项目生成可运行jar运行时也没问题。

但是就是方法蠢了点，费点儿事儿。暂时也没有找到比较好的方法，等找到好方法时再来更。

或者要是有大佬能看到，指点一二就好了。

谨此，祝好！

参考文献
【1】https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u_ascend/article/details/80476781