构造函数与析构函数举例

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 17:47:16 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 17:47:16 发布

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分类专栏：三级学习C++

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该博客展示了C++中构造函数和析构函数的使用。通过Mammal和Dog类的定义，解释了如何初始化成员变量，并在对象创建和销毁时调用相应的构造和析构函数。示例代码中，Dog类继承自Mammal类，并添加了特定的行为方法。

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#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

enum BREED {GOLDEN,CAIRN,BUAG};

class Mammal
{
public:
	Mammal();
	~Mammal();

	// 存取器成员函数，
	int GetAge() const {return itsAge;}
	void SetAge(int age) { itsAge = age;}
	int GetWeight() const { return itsWeight;}
	void SetWeight(int weight) { itsWeight = weight;}

	void Speak() const {cout << "Mammal的声音！\n";}
	void Sleep() const { cout << "I'm Sleeping.\n";}
protected:
	int itsAge;
	int itsWeight;
};

class Dog : public Mammal
{
public:
	Dog();
	~Dog();

	BREED GetBreed() const { return itsBreed;}
	void SetBreed(BREED breed) { itsBreed = breed;}

	void WagTail() const { cout << "Tail wagging... \n"; }
	void BegForFood() const { cout << "Begging for food ..\n"; }

private:
	BREED itsBreed;
};

Mammal::Mammal() : itsAge(2), itsWeight(5)
{
	cout << "Mammal的构造函数被调用。" << endl;
}

Mammal::~Mammal()
{
	cout << "~Mammal析构函数被调用。" << endl;
}

Dog::Dog() : itsBreed(GOLDEN)
{
	cout << "Dog的构造函数被调用。" << endl;
}

Dog::~Dog()
{
	cout << "~Dog的析构函数被调用。" << endl;
}

int main()
{
	Dog a;
	a.Speak();
	a.WagTail();
	cout << "a is " << a.GetAge() << " years ago." << endl; 


	return 0;
}