vscode下c调式

vscode下c调式

[日期：2021/4/28]
[作者：linhs]
[vscode] [c语言] [gdb]

简介

基于 ubuntu 21.04 x64

安装相关的工具

包	说明
vscode	代码编辑器
make	编译命令
gdb	程序调式器
gcc	编译器

注：安装vscode从官网上下载，否则会出现输入法无法输入中文的现象

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/extension-marketplace

安装vscode的基本开发扩展包

vscode扩展id	说明
ms-ceintl.vscode-language-pack-zh-hans	适用于 VS Code 的中文（简体）语言包
shd101wyy.markdown-preview-enhanced	Markdown Preview Enhanced
ms-vscode.cpptools	C/C++ for Visual Studio Code

linhs@linhs:~/work/rust$ sudo apt-get update 
linhs@linhs:~/work/rust$ sudo apt-get upgrade 
linhs@linhs:~/work/rust$ sudo apt-get install gcc
linhs@linhs:~/work/rust$ sudo apt install gdb-multiarch openocd qemu-system-arm

创建工程

使用vscode打开一个工作文件夹 c_debug

graph LR
A[c_debug] ----> B[src]
A ----> C[lib]
A ----> D[target]
A ----> E[Makefile] 

B ----> main.c
C ----> lib_test.c
C ----> lib_test.h
D ----> X[debug]

X ----> src ----> main.o
X ----> lib ----> lib_test.o
X ----> out

接下来建立这些目录和文件

./src/main.c
./lib/lib_test.c
./lib/lib_test.h
./target/debug/src/
./target/debug/lib/
./Makefile

文件内容:
./src/main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include "lib_test.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    printf("[main] debugging\n");
    test();
    return 0;
}

./lib/lib_test.c

#include <stdio.h>
void test(void)
{
    printf("[test] debugging\n");
}

./lib/lib_test.h

#ifndef __TEST_H___
#define __TEST_H___

extern void test(void);

#endif

./Makefile

CC := gcc
TARGET_DIR := ./target/debug
TARGET := $(TARGET_DIR)/out


OBJS := $(TARGET_DIR)/src/main.o
OBJS += $(TARGET_DIR)/lib/lib_test.o

INC := -I ./lib
CONFIG := -g

$(TARGET_DIR)/%.o: %.c
	$(CC) $(CONFIG) -c -o $@ $< $(INC)

$(TARGET): $(OBJS)
	$(CC) $(CONFIG) -o $(TARGET) $^

all: $(TARGET)
	@echo "build finish"

clean:
	rm -rf $(TARGET) $(OBJS)

执行make all，编译成功后启动调式

Start Debugging -> C++(GDB/LLDB)
此时生成配置文件
./vscode/launch.json
./vscode/tasks.json

首先是修改 ./vscode/launch.json

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "gcc-10 - Build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: gcc-10 build active file",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
        }
    ]
}

其中的属性 “program” 是gdb要调式的文件，将属性指定到 “program”: “${workspaceFolder}/target/debug/out”； 另外属性"externalConsole" 可改为ture，当为true时，启动调式会打开另一新的终端进行调试；最后改为如下：

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "gcc-10 - Build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/target/debug/out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: gcc-10 build active file",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
        }
    ]
}

注：如果只是调式一个.c文件就不需要做任何修改，直接打开.c文件进行调式

接下来是修改 ./vscode/tasks.json

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: gcc-10 build active file",
            "command": "/usr/bin/gcc-10",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

./vscode/launch.json属性"label"应该和 ./vscode/tasks.json属性"preLaunchTask"值一样，这样gdb启动时才能调用编译任务
最后修改如下

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "C/C++: gcc-10 build active file",
            "command": "make",
            "args": [
                "all",
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

将属性 “command"改为 “make”, “args” 改为"all”, “type” 改为"shell"；这样使用Makefile进行编译
注：如果只是调式一个.c文件就不需要做任何修改，直接打开.c文件进行调式

再点击 Start Debugging 调式
默认情况下程序之间运行的结束，甚至无法放置断点

打开设置 输入 debug.allowBreakpointsEverywhere 属性改为 true
注：“debug.allowBreakpointsEverywhere”:true, 允许在任何文件中设置断点