python学习笔记之 unittest-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_26566749/article/details/130840995

本文介绍了Python的unittest测试框架，包括如何创建测试用例、定义setUp和tearDown方法来设置和清理环境，以及测试执行的顺序。还展示了命令行参数的使用，如verbose模式和failfast选项，并提供了测试发现的例子。

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###unittest 支持的重要的工具
####example:

import unittest
class TestSrtingMethod(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print("prepare for test\n")
    def test_upper(self):
        print("executing test_upper\n")
        self.assertEqual('foo'.upper(), 'FOO')
    def test_isupper(self):
        print("executing test_isupper\n")
        self.assertTrue('FOO'.isupper())
        self.assertFalse('Foo'.isupper()) 
    def test_split(self):
        s = 'hello world'
        print("executing test_split\n")
        self.assertEqual(s.split(), ['hello', 'world'])
        # check that s.split fails when the separator is not a string
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            s.split(2)
    def tearDown(self):
        print("do something after test\n")        
if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()                   
setUp 和 tearDown 在每一个测试执行前后自动调用这两个方法。如果setUp()方法在测试运行时引发异常，框架将认为测试发生了错误，并且测试方法将不会被执行。如果setUp()成功，无论测试方法是否成功，都将运行tearDown()。
测试用例执行的顺序是测试方法名称相对于字符串的内置顺序的排序

console:

python3 ut.py -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestSrtingMethod) ... prepare for test

executing test_isupper

do something after test

ok
test_split (__main__.TestSrtingMethod) ... prepare for test

executing test_split

do something after test

ok
test_upper (__main__.TestSrtingMethod) ... prepare for test

executing test_upper

do something after test

ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.000s

OK

支持的参数

 python3 -m unittest -h
usage: python3 -m unittest [-h] [-v] [-q] [--locals] [-f] [-c] [-b]
                           [tests [tests ...]]

positional arguments:
  tests           a list of any number of test modules, classes and test
                  methods.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help      show this help message and exit
  -v, --verbose   Verbose output
  -q, --quiet     Quiet output
  --locals        Show local variables in tracebacks
  -f, --failfast  Stop on first fail or error
  -c, --catch     Catch Ctrl-C and display results so far
  -b, --buffer    Buffer stdout and stderr during tests

Examples:
  python3 -m unittest test_module               - run tests from test_module
  python3 -m unittest module.TestClass          - run tests from module.TestClass
  python3 -m unittest module.Class.test_method  - run specified test method
  python3 -m unittest path/to/test_file.py      - run tests from test_file.py

usage: python3 -m unittest discover [-h] [-v] [-q] [--locals] [-f] [-c] [-b]    测试 用例的搜索， 是通过TestLoader.discover() 实现的
                                    [-s START] [-p PATTERN] [-t TOP]
Example：python3 -m unittest  discover -p ut*
optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --verbose         Verbose output
  -q, --quiet           Quiet output
  --locals              Show local variables in tracebacks
  -f, --failfast        Stop on first fail or error
  -c, --catch           Catch Ctrl-C and display results so far
  -b, --buffer          Buffer stdout and stderr during tests
  -s START, --start-directory START
                        Directory to start discovery ('.' default)
  -p PATTERN, --pattern PATTERN
                        Pattern to match tests ('test*.py' default)
  -t TOP, --top-level-directory TOP
                        Top level directory of project (defaults to start
                        directory)

For test discovery all test modules must be importable from the top level
directory of the project