apscheduler使用中的时区问题

报错内容：

D:\work\envPy\lib\site-packages\apscheduler\util.py:95:
 PytzUsageWarning: The zone attribute is specific to pytz's interface;
 please migrate to a new time zone provider. 
 For more details on how to do so, 
 see https://pytz-deprecation-shim.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html
  if obj.zone == 'local':
D:\work\envPy\lib\site-packages\apscheduler\util.py:166:
 PytzUsageWarning: The localize method is no longer necessary, 
 as this time zone supports the fold attribute (PEP 495). 
 For more details on migrating to a PEP 495-compliant implementation, 
 see https://pytz-deprecation-shim.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html
  return tz.localize(datetime_, is_dst=None)
D:\work\envPy\lib\site-packages\apscheduler\triggers\interval.py:66:   
 PytzUsageWarning: The normalize method is no longer necessary, 
 as this time zone supports the fold attribute (PEP 495). 
 For more details on migrating to a PEP 495-compliant implementation, 
 see https://pytz-deprecation-shim.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html
  return self.timezone.normalize(next_fire_time)

报错的代码：

import sys

from apscheduler.events import EVENT_JOB_ERROR
from apscheduler.events import EVENT_JOB_EXECUTED
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
import datetime
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
                    format='[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s -> %(funcName)s line:%(lineno)d [%(levelname)s]: %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
                    stream=sys.stdout
                    )


# 循环任务
def loop_function(x):
    logging.info(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + x)
    logging.info(datetime.datetime.now(tz=pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai')).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + x)
    # logging.info(datetime.datetime.now(tz=SH.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + x))


# 一次性任务（会出错）
def once_function(x):
    logging.info(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + x)
    # 待捕获的异常
    logging.error(1 / 0)


# 监听函数
def listener_function(event):
    if event.exception:
        logging.error('任务出错')
    else:
        logging.info('任务正常')


# 定时任务调用
scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# scheduler = BlockingScheduler(timezone='Asia/Shanghai')

scheduler.add_job(func=once_function,
                  args=('一次性含有异常的任务',),
                  next_run_time=datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5),
                  #next_run_time=(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)).astimezone(),
                  id='once_task',
                  #timezone='Asia/Shanghai'
                  )

scheduler.add_job(func=loop_function,
                  args=('循环任务',),
                  trigger='interval',
                  seconds=3,
                  #timezone='Asia/Shanghai',
                  id='loop_task')

# 添加监听器
scheduler.add_listener(callback=listener_function, mask=(EVENT_JOB_EXECUTED |
                                                         EVENT_JOB_ERROR))

# 设置日志
scheduler._logger = logging

# 开启定时任务
scheduler.start()

解决方法：

1. 创建定时任务对象时，指定时区 scheduler=BlockingScheduler(timezone='Asia/Shanghai')
2. 或者在添加定时任务时，指定时区。如果含有具体时间的参数时，需要根据时区对时间进行转换即增加.astimezone():

   scheduler.add_job(func=once_function,
                 args=('一次性含有异常的任务',),
                 next_run_time=(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)).astimezone(),
                 id='once_task',
                 timezone='Asia/Shanghai'
                 )
   scheduler.add_job(func=loop_function, 
                   args=('循环任务',), 
                   trigger='interval', 
                   seconds=3, 
                   timezone='Asia/Shanghai',
                   id='loop_task')
   

补充说明：

  错误提示中的链接 https://pytz-deprecation-shim.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html内容提及的zoneinfo库，在 python3.9 中才出现，是基于datetime、time模块的类型zoneinfo类而设计的。在 python3.9 之前使用的都是datetime模块中timezone类。
  可以选择的时区参考文件