关于Android粘性广播StickyBroadcast的使用及注意事项

粘性广播介绍
粘性广播所发送的广播会在系统中滞留一段时间，当注册了符合的广播接收器的时候，广播接收器会自动接收广播消息。

粘性广播的发送

        /**
         * 发送粘性广播
         * */
        Intent i = new Intent();
        i.setAction("StickyBroadcast");
        i.putExtra("message", summary);
        context.sendStickyBroadcast(i);

StickyBroadcast为注册器需要匹配的参数，summary为发送的数据

粘性广播的接收
接收器有三种接收方式，推荐第一种

第一种

//注册广播接收者
    private void registBroadcastReceiver(){
        mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                String data=intent.getStringExtra("message");
            }
        };
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("StickyBroadcast");
        registerReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver, intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        registBroadcastReceiver();
    }

data为接收到的数据

第二种：使用普通广播接收器，注意，必须在Manifiest或者发送之前接收（这和定义有点违背，因为这种方式不是正确的接收方式）

public class StickyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

	public static final String Action = "StickyBroadcast";
	public static final String PERMISSION = "com.sample.test.permission.sticky.receiver";
	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
	{
		int checkCallingOrSelfPermission = context.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(PERMISSION);
		if(PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED == checkCallingOrSelfPermission) //权限判断
		{
			Toast.makeText(context, "授权成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		}else{
			Toast.makeText(context, "授权失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			throw new RuntimeException("permission denied");
		}
		if(intent!=null&&Action.equals(intent.getAction()))
		{
			Toast.makeText(context, intent.getStringExtra("message"), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		}
	}

}

AndroidManifest

<!--自定义权限-->
<permission android:name="com.sample.test.permission.sticky.receiver" android:protectionLevel="normal" />
<!--使用自定义权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="com.sample.test.permission.sticky.receiver"/>
<!--使用粘性广播发送权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />

<!--省略一部分-->

<receiver android:name="test.view.weitop.home.StickyBroadcastReceiver" 
	android:permission="com.sample.test.permission.sticky.receiver" >
	<!--android:permission 其他应用使用时，需要检测的权限-->
	<intent-filter >
		 <action android:name="com.sample.test.sticky.broadcast.receiver"/>
	</intent-filter>
</receiver>

第三种：这种是很多文章中比较推荐的写法，但是我在实现的过程中发现只能接收一次广播，再次发送广播后，接收器并不会接收

 IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(“StickyBroadcast”);
 Intent data = registerReceiver(null, intentFilter);  //接收、注意第一个参数
 if(data != null && data.getAction().equals("StickyBroadcast"))
  {
    	Toast.makeText(this, data.getStringExtra("mesage"), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

广播注销

一般会在Activity的onDestroy方法中进行注销

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if (mBroadcastReceiver != null){
            unregisterReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver);
            mBroadcastReceiver = null;
        }
    }