ubuntu 18.04 设置单网卡静态ip实验

前记：

Ubuntu 从 17.10 开始，已放弃在 /etc/network/interfaces ⾥固定IP的配置，⽽是改成 netplan ⽅式， 配置⽂件是：/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

实验目标：

把eth0网卡IP地址192.168.1.100改为192.168.1.101

配置文件：

/etc/netplan/*.yaml
*注意：要严格遵循yaml格式的上下级缩进关系 否则配置可能会无法生效

实验步骤：

1、确认要修改的网卡号

以下以我的服务器eth0网卡为例

user@user:~$ ifconfig

我的服务器配置如下：

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe19:e292  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:19:e2:92  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1617  bytes 119610 (119.6 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7097  bytes 565714 (565.7 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 7505  bytes 575143 (575.1 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7505  bytes 575143 (575.1 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

2、设置静态IP

ubuntu1804版本的静态网卡的ip配置文件为/etc/netplan/

user@user:~$ sudo vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

把eth0网卡IP地址192.168.1.100改为192.168.1.101
ip前缀24位
子网掩码：255.255.255.0
网关位：192.168.1.2
DNS：114.114.114.114

~#sudo vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system 
# For more information, see netplan(5). 
network: 
  version: 2 
  renderer: networkd 
  ethernets: 
    eth0: 
      dhcp4: no 
      dhcp6: no 
      addresses: [192.168.1.101/24] 
      gateway4: 192.168.1.2
      nameservers: 
        addresses: [114.114.114.114] 

# sudo netplan apply   //应用新配置

# vim ~/.vimrc #取消vim ⾃动缩进功能 
set paste

3、应用新的配置

user@user:~$ sudo netplan apply  	//应用当前修改配置

使用ifconfig检查新地址

user@user:~$ ifconfig

新的ip地址

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.101  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe19:e292  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:19:e2:92  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 141  bytes 11412 (11.4 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1555  bytes 120688 (120.6 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 2249  bytes 169961 (169.9 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2249  bytes 169961 (169.9 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

user@user:~$ 

4、测试网络联通

user@user:~$ ping 192.168.1.101