之前caffe的安装简直让我怀疑人生,后来由于忙一直没有写下流程和重要问题的解决办法,这次由于在自家的电脑上配置caffe,顺便下写流程。
不多说,先上自家电脑配置,i5-4590和GTX1070
1.caffe安装依赖库
- sudo apt-get install build-essential # basic requirement
- sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libboost-all-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev protobuf-compiler #required by caffe
首先最好一个一个安装,其次这里有可能出现需要依赖库,以下依赖库将不被安装,解决方法是换软件源,我换了清华的源后立马就好了
2.安装CUDA
CUDA是英伟达的显卡并行计算语言,caffe需要来使用显卡
在离线.deb安装:deb安装分离线和在线,官网下载地址,推荐离线安装
切换到下载的deb所在目录,执行下边的命令
- sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-<distro>_<version>_<architecture>.deb
- sudo apt-get update
- sudo apt-get install cuda
然后重启电脑:sudo reboot
3.cuDNN
这个是显卡计算加速的,可以不装,加速效果远没有GPU对CPU的加速来的多,而且安装还麻烦
下载cudnn-7.5-linux-x64-v5.0-ga.tgz,官网申请不到,网上自己找的,就不给地址了。
- tar -zxvf cudnn-7.5-linux-x64-v5.0-ga.tgz
- cd cuda
- sudo cp lib/lib* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
- sudo cp include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/
更新软连接
cd /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
sudo chmod +r libcudnn.so.5.0.5
sudo ln -sf libcudnn.so.5.0.5 libcudnn.so.5
sudo ln -sf libcudnn.so.5 libcudnn.so
sudo ldconfig
4,设置环境变量
在/etc/profile中添加CUDA环境变量
sudo gedit /etc/profile
- PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
- export PATH
保存后, 执行下列命令, 使环境变量立即生效
同时需要添加lib库路径: 在 /etc/ld.so.conf.d/加入文件 cuda.conf, 内容如下
保存后,执行下列命令使之立刻生效
5,安装CUDA SAMPLE
进入/usr/local/cuda/samples, 执行下列命令来build samples
整个过程大概10分钟左右, 全部编译完成后, 进入 samples/bin/x86_64/linux/release, 运行deviceQuery
如果出现显卡信息, 则驱动及显卡安装成功:
- ./deviceQuery Starting...
-
- CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)
-
- Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)
-
- Device 0: "GeForce GTX 670"
- CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version 6.5 / 6.5
- CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number: 3.0
- Total amount of global memory: 4095 MBytes (4294246400 bytes)
- ( 7) Multiprocessors, (192) CUDA Cores/MP: 1344 CUDA Cores
- GPU Clock rate: 1098 MHz (1.10 GHz)
- Memory Clock rate: 3105 Mhz
- Memory Bus Width: 256-bit
- L2 Cache Size: 524288 bytes
- Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z) 1D=(65536), 2D=(65536, 65536), 3D=(4096, 4096, 4096)
- Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers 1D=(16384), 2048 layers
- Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers 2D=(16384, 16384), 2048 layers
- Total amount of constant memory: 65536 bytes
- Total amount of shared memory per block: 49152 bytes
- Total number of registers available per block: 65536
- Warp size: 32
- Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor: 2048
- Maximum number of threads per block: 1024
- Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
- Max dimension size of a grid size (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
- Maximum memory pitch: 2147483647 bytes
- Texture alignment: 512 bytes
- Concurrent copy and kernel execution: Yes with 1 copy engine(s)
- Run time limit on kernels: Yes
- Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory: No
- Support host page-locked memory mapping: Yes
- Alignment requirement for Surfaces: Yes
- Device has ECC support: Disabled
- Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA): Yes
- Device PCI Bus ID / PCI location ID: 1 / 0
- Compute Mode:
- < Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >
-
- deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 6.5, CUDA Runtime Version = 6.5, NumDevs = 1, Device0 = GeForce GTX 670
- Result = PASS
NOTE:上边的显卡信息是从别的地方拷过来的,我的GTX650显卡不是这些信息,如果没有这些信息,那肯定是安装不成功,找原因吧!
6,安装Intel MKL 或Atlas
我没有MKL,装的Atlas
安装命令:
- sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev
7,安装OpenCV
我是准备用caffe的python接口,OpenCV就没安装了
2)进入目录 Install-OpenCV/Ubuntu/2.4
3)执行脚本
- sh sudo ./opencv2_4_10.sh
8,安装Caffe所需要的Python环境
按caffe官网的推荐使用Anaconda
- bash Anaconda-2.3.0-Linux-x86_64.s<em>h</em>
NOTE:后边的文件名按自己下的版本号更改,整个安装过程请选择默认
8.1,添加Anaconda Library Path
在/etc/ld.so.conf最后加入以下路径,并没有出现重启不能进入界面的问题(
NOTE:下边的username要替换)
- /home/username/anaconda/lib
在~/.bashrc最后添加下边路径
- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/username/anaconda/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
这里要注意下如果是安装的anaconda2,那么上面需要加上2
执行如下命令
- for req in $(cat requirements.txt); do pip install $req; done
10,编译Caffe
终于来到这里了
进入caffe-master目录,复制一份Makefile.config.examples
- cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config
修改其中的一些路径,如果前边和我说的一致,都选默认路径的话,那么配置文件应该张这个样子
- ## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
- # Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!
-
- # cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
- USE_CUDNN := 1
-
- # CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
- # CPU_ONLY := 1
-
- # To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
- # N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
- # CUSTOM_CXX := g++
-
- # CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
- CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
- # On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
- # "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
- # CUDA_DIR := /usr
-
- # CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
- # For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 lines for compatibility.
- CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
- -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
- -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
- -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
- -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
- -gencode arch=compute_50,code=compute_50
-
- # BLAS choice:
- # atlas for ATLAS (default)
- # mkl for MKL
- # open for OpenBlas
- BLAS := atlas
- # Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
- # Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
- # (which should work)!
- # BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
- # BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas
-
- # Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
- # BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
- # BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib
-
- # This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
- # MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
- # MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
- # MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app
-
- # NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
- # We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
- #PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
- /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
- # Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
- # Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
- ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
- PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
- $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
- $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
-
- # We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
- #PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
- PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib
-
- # Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
- # PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
- # PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib
-
- # Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
- # WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1
-
- # Whatever else you find you need goes here.
- INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include
- LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib
-
- # If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
- # INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
- # LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib
-
- # Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
- # (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
- # USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1
-
- BUILD_DIR := build
- DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute
-
- # Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
- # DEBUG := 1
-
- # The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
- TEST_GPUID := 0
-
- # enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
- Q ?= @
需要注意的是第5行,没装cuDNN的需要注释,57,58行默认的有注释符,需要去掉
保存退出
编译
- make all -j4
- make test
- make runtest
编译这边有很多问题,如果出现未定义的引用,偶然发现一个方法很好,就是在make all前面加sudo,原因不知道有谁可以解释下,权限不够为什么会导致未定义的引用
11,编译Python wrapper
pycaffe的编译需要在/.bashrc中增加export PYTHONPATH = “/home/username/caffe-master/python:$PYTHONPATH”
然后source ~/.bashrc
这是在bash中,如果需要在IDE中,比如spyder或者pycharm,在其环境变量文件中添加caffe-master/python的目录即可