内网服务器安装docker

1、下载docker的安装文件

下载地址： https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/
选择合适的版本，本文下载 20.10.14

2、将下载的压缩包上传到服务器，在服务器解压并移动到/usr/bin目录下

# 提示：上传压缩包到服务器是使用xftp或者其它方式，本文使用的是xftp先上传到有外网的服务器，然后再在有外网的服务器使用scp命令上传到内网服务器
# 进入到压缩包所在的目录，解压（tar命令）并且移动（mv命令）可执行文件到 /usr/bin 目录下
tar zxf docker-20.10.14.tgz && mv docker/* /usr/bin/

3、使用systemctl管理docker服务

# 进入 /etc/systemd/system/ 目录，并创建 docker.service 文件，文件内容如下
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
  
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375 -H unix://var/run/docker.sock
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
  
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4、给 docker.service 文件添加执行权限

chmod a+x /etc/systemd/system/docker.service

5、重新加载配置文件（每次有修改docker.service文件时都要重新加载下）

systemctl daemon-reload # 重载 systemd 下 xxx.service 文件
systemctl start docker # 启动 docker
systemctl enable docker # 设置开机自启
systemctl is-enabled docker # 查看是否设置开机启动

6、修改 docker 工作目录（可选：不修改时默认路径是/var/lib/docker/）

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
# 内容如下
{
    "data-root": "/data/docker"
}

7、重启 docker 服务

systemctl restart docker

8、验证 docker 是否启动成功

systemctl status docker # 查看docker运行状态
docker version # 查看docker版本
docker info # 查看docker相关信息

参考地址：
http://www.360doc.com/content/22/0305/19/39194723_1020231096.shtml
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/houmenghu/article/details/123690559