对于序列化和反序列化的理解

一、什么是序列化和反序列化

序列化是将对象状态转换为可保持或传输的格式的过程。与序列化相对的是反序列化，它将流转换为对象。这两个过程结合起来，可以轻松地存储和传输数据。

二、XmlSerializer对象的xml序列化和反序列化

1）简单的xml序列化

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class Program {     static void Main(string[] args)     {         int i = 10;         //声明Xml序列化对象实例serializer         //指定类型         XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(int));         //执行序列化并将序列化结果输出到控制台         serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, i);         Console.Read();     } }

在控制台输出结果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> <int>10</int>

xml进行反序列化：

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static void Main(string[] args) {     using (StringReader rdr = new StringReader(@"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""gb2312""?> <int>10</int>"))     {         //声明序列化对象实例serializer         XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(int));         //反序列化，并将反序列化结果值赋给变量i         int i = (int)serializer.Deserialize(rdr);         //输出反序列化结果         Console.WriteLine("i = " + i);         Console.Read();     } }

2）自定义对象的序列化

namespace UseXmlSerialization

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            //声明一个猫咪对象

            var c = new Cat { Color = "White", Speed = 10, Saying = "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat" };

 

            //序列化这个对象

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cat));

 

            //将对象序列化输出到控制台

            serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

            Console.Read();

        }

    }

 

    [XmlRoot("cat")]

    public class Cat

    {

        //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

        [XmlAttribute("color")]

        public string Color { get; set; }

 

        //要求不序列化Speed属性

        [XmlIgnore]

        public int Speed { get; set; }

 

        //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

        [XmlElement("saying")]

        public string Saying { get; set; }

    }

}

namespace UseXmlSerialization

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            //声明一个猫咪对象

            var c = new Cat { Color = "White", Speed = 10, Saying = "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat" };

 

            //序列化这个对象

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cat));

 

            //将对象序列化输出到控制台

            serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

            Console.Read();

        }

    }

 

    [XmlRoot("cat")]

    public class Cat

    {

        //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

        [XmlAttribute("color")]

        public string Color { get; set; }

 

        //要求不序列化Speed属性

        [XmlIgnore]

        public int Speed { get; set; }

 

        //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

        [XmlElement("saying")]

        public string Saying { get; set; }

    }

}

namespace UseXmlSerialization

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            //声明一个猫咪对象

            var c = new Cat { Color = "White", Speed = 10, Saying = "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat" };

 

            //序列化这个对象

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cat));

 

            //将对象序列化输出到控制台

            serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, c);

 

            Console.Read();

        }

    }

 

    [XmlRoot("cat")]

    public class Cat

    {

        //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

        [XmlAttribute("color")]

        public string Color { get; set; }

 

        //要求不序列化Speed属性

        [XmlIgnore]

        public int Speed { get; set; }

 

        //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

        [XmlElement("saying")]

        public string Saying { get; set; }

    }

}

3）对象数组的序列化

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

 

namespace UseXmlSerialization

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            //声明一个猫咪对象

            var cWhite = new Cat { Color = "White", Speed = 10, Saying = "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat" };

            var cBlack = new Cat { Color = "Black", Speed = 10, Saying = "White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat" };

 

            CatCollection cc = new CatCollection { Cats = new Cat[] { cWhite,cBlack} };

 

            //序列化这个对象

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CatCollection));

 

            //将对象序列化输出到控制台

            serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, cc);

 

            Console.Read();

        }

    }

 

    [XmlRoot("cats")]

    public class CatCollection

    {

        [XmlArray("items"),XmlArrayItem("item")]

        public Cat[] Cats { get; set; }

    }

 

    [XmlRoot("cat")]

    public class Cat

    {

        //定义Color属性的序列化为cat节点的属性

        [XmlAttribute("color")]

        public string Color { get; set; }

 

        //要求不序列化Speed属性

        [XmlIgnore]

        public int Speed { get; set; }

 

        //设置Saying属性序列化为Xml子元素

        [XmlElement("saying")]

        public string Saying { get; set; }

    }

}

控制台输出结果：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> <cats xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://ww w.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">   <items>     <item color="White">       <saying>White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat</saying>     </item>     <item color="Black">       <saying>White or black,  so long as the cat can catch mice,  it is a good cat</saying>     </item>   </items> </cats>