Python Web框架性能对比

已于 2023-03-30 19:15:32 修改
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分类专栏： Python Web 文章标签： python flask tornado
于 2023-03-30 18:13:54 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/q2565330017/article/details/129861408
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目录

1. 测试代码

        1.1 无阻塞的代码如下

        1.2 阻塞sleep 2s代码

2. ab压测结果

        2.1 无阻塞测试结果

        2.2 阻塞2秒测试结果

   3. ab的测试报告详细

        3.1 无阻塞时报告

        3.2 阻塞时报告

    本文会通过简单的demo测试Python的“Flask/FastApi/Tornado/Sanic”四种Web框架

    使用的工具是ab（Apache Bench）压测

    测试会分成两轮，一轮是无阻塞直接返回，另一轮是通过sleep 2s模拟阻塞的情况下，测试各个框架的rps

1. 测试代码

        1.1 无阻塞的代码如下

# Flask
from flask import Flask

 
app = Flask(__name__)
 
@app.route('/test')   #匹配路由
def hello():
    return "Hello World"
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(port=7779, threaded=True)

# Tornado
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import json
import asyncio


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    async def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")
 
    async def post(self):
        self.write(json.dumps({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}))
 
def make_app():
    return tornado.web.Application([
        (r"/test", MainHandler),
    ])
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = make_app()
    app.listen(8001)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

# uvloop Tornado
import asyncio
 
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import json
 
import uvloop
from tornado.platform.asyncio import AsyncIOMainLoop
 
 
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    async def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")
 
    async def post(self):
        self.write(json.dumps({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}))
 
def make_app():
    return tornado.web.Application([
        (r"/test", MainHandler),
    ])
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(uvloop.EventLoopPolicy())
    AsyncIOMainLoop().install()
    app = make_app()
    app.listen(8002)
    asyncio.get_event_loop().run_forever()

# FastApi
from typing import Optional
 
from fastapi import FastAPI
 
app = FastAPI()
 
 
@app.get("/test")
def read_root():
    return "Hello, world"
 
 
@app.post("/test")
def read_item():
    return {"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}

# Sanic
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json,html
 
app = Sanic(name="myName")
 
@app.route('/test',methods=['GET'])
async def hello(request):
    return html("Hello, world")
 
@app.route('/test', methods=['POST'])
async def hello2(request):
    return json({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"})
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8003)

        1.2 阻塞sleep 2s代码

# Flask
import time
from flask import Flask
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_all()  # 打上猴子补丁
 
app = Flask(__name__)
 
@app.route('/test')   #匹配路由
def hello():
	time.sleep(2)
    return "Hello World"
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(port=7779, threaded=True)

# Tornado
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import json
import asyncio


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    async def get(self):
        await asyncio.sleep(2)
        self.write("Hello, world")
 
    async def post(self):
        self.write(json.dumps({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}))
 
def make_app():
    return tornado.web.Application([
        (r"/test", MainHandler),
    ])
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = make_app()
    app.listen(8001)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

# uvloop Tornado
import asyncio
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import json
 
import uvloop
from tornado.platform.asyncio import AsyncIOMainLoop
 
 
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    async def get(self):
	    await asyncio.sleep(2)
        self.write("Hello, world")
 
    async def post(self):
        self.write(json.dumps({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}))
 
def make_app():
    return tornado.web.Application([
        (r"/test", MainHandler),
    ])
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(uvloop.EventLoopPolicy())
    AsyncIOMainLoop().install()
    app = make_app()
    app.listen(8002)
    asyncio.get_event_loop().run_forever()

# FastApi
import asyncio
from typing import Optional
from fastapi import FastAPI
 
app = FastAPI()
 
 
@app.get("/test")
async def read_root():
    await asyncio.sleep(2)
    return "Hello, world"
 
 
@app.post("/test")
def read_item():
    return {"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"}

# Sanic
import asyncio
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json,html
 
app = Sanic(name="myName")
 
@app.route('/test',methods=['GET'])
async def hello(request):
    await asyncio.sleep(2)
    return html("Hello, world")
 
@app.route('/test', methods=['POST'])
async def hello2(request):
    return json({"code": "0000", "msg": "Hello, world"})
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8003)

2. ab压测结果

        统一使用并发100，任务总数5000进行各个接口压测，结果如下；

        其中flask引入了gevent猴子补丁，不然同步情况下根本没法玩；

        过程中我给tornado也用上gevent协程monkey，然后性能并没有提升，不清楚是不是用的方式不对。

        2.1 无阻塞测试结果

无阻塞结果
FlaskTornadouvloop TornadoFastApiSanic
每秒请求数1115.922089.552149.592207.036028.67
测试所耗时间4.4812.3932.3262.2650.829

        2.2 阻塞2秒测试结果

阻塞结果
Flask+GeventTornadouvloop TornadoFastApiSanic
每秒请求数49.7848.7048.9349.8349.92
测试所耗时间100.436102.669102.181100.346100.159

   3. ab的测试报告详细

        3.1 无阻塞时报告

# flask
Server Software:        Werkzeug/2.2.3
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            7779

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        11 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   4.481 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      920000 bytes
HTML transferred:       55000 bytes
Requests per second:    1115.92 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       89.612 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.896 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          200.52 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:    10   89   7.5     89     101
Waiting:        6   88   7.5     88      99
Total:         13   89   7.3     89     101

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     89
  66%     91
  75%     92
  80%     93
  90%     95
  95%     96
  98%     97
  99%     98
 100%    101 (longest request)


# tornado
Server Software:        TornadoServer/6.1
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8001

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   2.393 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1025000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    2089.55 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       47.857 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.479 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          418.32 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:    27   48   2.5     47      54
Waiting:       27   48   2.5     47      54
Total:         30   48   2.3     47      54

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     47
  66%     48
  75%     48
  80%     48
  90%     48
  95%     53
  98%     54
  99%     54
 100%     54 (longest request)
 
# uvloop tornado
Server Software:        TornadoServer/6.1
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8002

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   2.326 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1025000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    2149.59 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       46.520 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.465 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          430.34 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.6      0       6
Processing:     6   46   4.2     46      61
Waiting:        6   46   4.1     46      61
Total:         11   46   3.9     46      61

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     46
  66%     46
  75%     47
  80%     47
  90%     50
  95%     53
  98%     54
  99%     57
 100%     61 (longest request)
 
 
# fastapi
Server Software:        
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8000

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        14 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   2.265 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      695000 bytes
HTML transferred:       70000 bytes
Requests per second:    2207.03 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       45.310 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.453 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          299.59 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:    26   45   6.5     48      72
Waiting:       26   40   4.8     41      66
Total:         26   45   6.6     48      74

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     48
  66%     49
  75%     49
  80%     50
  90%     51
  95%     56
  98%     60
  99%     61
 100%     74 (longest request)
 

# sanic
Server Software:        
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8003

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   0.829 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      550000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    6028.67 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       16.587 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.166 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          647.61 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1   0.5      1       3
Processing:    10   16   5.2     15      51
Waiting:        4   11   4.8     11      47
Total:         10   16   5.2     16      51

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     16
  66%     16
  75%     16
  80%     17
  90%     17
  95%     19
  98%     48
  99%     50
 100%     51 (longest request)

        3.2 阻塞时报告

# flask 
Server Software:        Werkzeug/2.2.3
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            7779

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        11 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   100.436 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      920000 bytes
HTML transferred:       55000 bytes
Requests per second:    49.78 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       2008.729 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       20.087 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          8.95 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:  2001 2006  11.0   2002    2052
Waiting:     2001 2006  11.0   2002    2052
Total:       2001 2006  11.0   2002    2053

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   2002
  66%   2002
  75%   2003
  80%   2003
  90%   2023
  95%   2037
  98%   2048
  99%   2049
 100%   2053 (longest request)
 
 
# tornado
Server Software:        TornadoServer/6.1
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8001

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   102.669 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1025000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    48.70 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       2053.376 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       20.534 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          9.75 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:  2031 2053   2.6   2053    2059
Waiting:     2031 2053   2.6   2053    2059
Total:       2035 2053   2.4   2053    2059

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   2053
  66%   2054
  75%   2054
  80%   2055
  90%   2055
  95%   2058
  98%   2058
  99%   2059
 100%   2059 (longest request)
 
 
# uvloop tornado
Server Software:        TornadoServer/6.1
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8002

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   102.181 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1025000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    48.93 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       2043.620 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       20.436 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          9.80 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:  2001 2043  12.8   2048    2056
Waiting:     2001 2043  12.8   2048    2056
Total:       2001 2043  12.8   2048    2056

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   2048
  66%   2049
  75%   2050
  80%   2050
  90%   2052
  95%   2054
  98%   2056
  99%   2056
 100%   2056 (longest request)
 
# fastapi
Server Software:        
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8000

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        14 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   100.346 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      695000 bytes
HTML transferred:       70000 bytes
Requests per second:    49.83 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       2006.915 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       20.069 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          6.76 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:  2000 2005   4.6   2004    2027
Waiting:     2000 2005   4.3   2004    2024
Total:       2000 2006   4.8   2004    2028

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   2004
  66%   2005
  75%   2006
  80%   2006
  90%   2011
  95%   2018
  98%   2021
  99%   2025
 100%   2028 (longest request)
 
# sanic
Server Software:        
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            8003

Document Path:          /test
Document Length:        12 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   100.159 seconds
Complete requests:      5000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      550000 bytes
HTML transferred:       60000 bytes
Requests per second:    49.92 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       2003.174 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       20.032 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          5.36 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       3
Processing:  2000 2003   2.3   2002    2014
Waiting:     2000 2002   2.0   2002    2014
Total:       2000 2003   2.6   2002    2017

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   2002
  66%   2003
  75%   2003
  80%   2004
  90%   2005
  95%   2009
  98%   2013
  99%   2014
 100%   2017 (longest request)

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