爬取酷狗音乐网站，上榜单前500名的歌曲名称！

爬取网络数据

1.1首先读取网站`

https://www.kugou.com/yy/rank/home/1-6666.html?from=rank`

1.2定义用beautifulsoup选取HTML代码的文字部分：

def explain_HTML(mylist, html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'html.parser')
    songs = soup.select('div.pc_temp_songlist > ul > li > a')
    ranks = soup.select('span.pc_temp_num')
    times = soup.select('span.pc_temp_time')
    for rank,song,time in zip(ranks,songs,times):
         data = [
             rank.get_text().strip(),
             song.get_text().split("-")[1],
             song.get_text().split("-")[0],
             time.get_text().strip()
         ]
         mylist.append(data)
12345678910111213

##为了使得打印展示的结果更加美观，应当调整打印的数据格式：

def print_HTML(mylist):
    for i in range(500):
        x = mylist[i]
        with open("D:\Anew\kugou.txt",'a',encoding = 'UTF-8') as f:
            f.write("{0:<10}\t{1:{4}<25}\t{2:{4}<20}\t{3:<10}\n".format(x[0],x[1],x[2],x[3],chr(12288)))
12345

为防止爬虫速度访问快而导致的爬取失败设立time.sleep(1)函数来进行预防上述风险。

1.4爬取结果展示如下：

1.5代码展示

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time

def get_HTML(url):
    headers = {
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.81 Safari/537.36",
        "referer": "https://www.kugou.com/yy/rank/home/1-6666.html?from=rank"
        }
    try:
        r = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""

def explain_HTML(mylist, html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'html.parser')
    songs = soup.select('div.pc_temp_songlist > ul > li > a')
    ranks = soup.select('span.pc_temp_num')
    times = soup.select('span.pc_temp_time')
    for rank,song,time in zip(ranks,songs,times):
         data = [
             rank.get_text().strip(),
             song.get_text().split("-")[1],
             song.get_text().split("-")[0],
             time.get_text().strip()
         ]
         mylist.append(data)


def print_HTML(mylist):
    for i in range(500):
        x = mylist[i]
        with open("D:\Anew\kugou.json",'a',encoding = 'UTF-8') as f:
            f.write("{0:<10}\t{1:{4}<25}\t{2:{4}<20}\t{3:<10}\n".format(x[0],x[1],x[2],x[3],chr(12288)))
          

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url_0 = 'http://www.kugou.com/yy/rank/home/'
    url_1 = '-8888.html'
    mylist = []
    with open("D:\Anew\kugou.json",'a',encoding = "UTF-8") as f:
        f.write("{0:<10}\t{1:{4}<25}\t{2:{4}<20}\t{3:<10}\n".format("排名","歌曲","歌手","时间",chr(12288)))
    for j in range(1,24):
        url = url_0 + str(j) + url_1
        html = get_HTML(url)
        explain_HTML(mylist, html)
    print_HTML(mylist)
    time.sleep(1)
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051

1.6以json转码前文档应该为

在在线解析json工具展示应该为:

通过代码运行检验代码展示如下：

with open("D://Anew//Kugou.json", 'r', encoding="utf-8") as rdf:
    json_data=json.load(rdf)
    print('数据展示：', json_data)
123

编程生成CSV文件并转换成JSon格式

将信息以数组的形式进行编码录入

import csv
test = [["姓名", "性别","籍贯","系别"],
["张迪", "男","重庆","计算机系"],
["兰博", "男","江苏","通信工程系"],
["黄飞", "男","四川","物联网系"],
["邓玉春", "女","陕西","计算机系"],
["周丽", "女","天津","艺术系"],
["李云", "女","上海","外语系"]
]
with open('信息录入.csv', 'w',encoding="utf8") as file:
    csvwriter = csv.writer(file, lineterminator='\n')
    csvwriter.writerows(test)
123456789101112

2.2 csv进行代码转换为json格式

import csv,json

csvfile = open('D:\\Anew\\test.csv','r')
jsonfile = open('D:\\Anew\\test.json','w')

fieldnames = ('姓名','性别','籍贯','系别')
reader = csv.DictReader (csvfile,fieldnames)
for row in reader:
    json.dump(row,jsonfile)
    jsonfile.write('\n')
12345678910

由于json文件自带加密效果，因此需要在网上找到json的格式化校验工具。本次使用的是BEJSON工具，校验展示图如下：

2.3查询文件中女生信息

import json
with open('D:\\Anew\\名单.json','r') as f:
    for line in f.readlines():
        line=json.loads(line)
        if(line['性别']=='女'):
            print(line)
123456

XML格式文件与JSon的转换

3.1(1)读取以下XML格式的文件，内容如下：

<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”gb2312”> <图书> <书名>红楼梦

完整项目代码获取点这