本文来自:高爽|Coder,原文地址:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/ghsau/article/details/17909093,转载请注明。
上篇文章介绍了JavaMail并实现了一个发送邮件的简单示例,JavaMail API使用上非常灵活,比如,服务器信息可以设置到Session中,也可以设置到Transport中,收件人可以设置到Message中,也可以设置到Transport中,如何使用,取决于我们应用程序中的实际情况。本文详细的介绍一下这三个类的主要方法。
Session
Session用于收集JavaMail运行过程中的环境信息,它可以创建一个单例的对象,也可以每次创建新的对象,Session没有构造器,只能通过如下方法创造实例:
getDefaultInstance得到的始终是该方法初次创建的缺省的对象,而getInstance得到的始终是新的对象,Authenticator的使用后面会说到。通过Session可以创建Transport(用于发送邮件)和Store(用于接收邮件),Transport和Store是JavaMail API中定义好的接口,通过上文我们知道JavaMail分为API和service provider两部分,API定义了相关接口(eg.:Transport and Store),service provider中实现了这些接口,这些实现类配置在名为
javamail.providers
或
javamail.default.providers
的文件中,该文件放在mail.jar/smtp.jar/pop3.jar/imap.jar中的META-INF下,文件内容格式如:
static Session | getDefaultInstance(Properties props)Get the default Session object. |
static Session | getDefaultInstance(Properties props,Authenticator authenticator)Get the default Session object. |
static Session | getInstance(Properties props)Get a new Session object. |
static Session | getInstance(Properties props,Authenticator authenticator)Get a new Session object. |
- # JavaMail IMAP provider Sun Microsystems, Inc
- protocol=imap; type=store; class=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
- protocol=imaps; type=store; class=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
- # JavaMail SMTP provider Sun Microsystems, Inc
- protocol=smtp; type=transport; class=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
- protocol=smtps; type=transport; class=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
- # JavaMail POP3 provider Sun Microsystems, Inc
- protocol=pop3; type=store; class=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
- protocol=pop3s; type=store; class=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc;
Store | getStore()Get a Store object that implements this user's desired Store protocol. |
Store | getStore(Provider provider)Get an instance of the store specified by Provider. |
Store | getStore(String protocol)Get a Store object that implements the specified protocol. |
Store | getStore(URLName url)Get a Store object for the given URLName. |
Transport | getTransport()Get a Transport object that implements this user's desired Transport protcol. |
Transport | getTransport(Address address)Get a Transport object that can transport a Message of the specified address type. |
Transport | getTransport(Provider provider)Get an instance of the transport specified in the Provider. |
Transport | getTransport(String protocol)Get a Transport object that implements the specified protocol. |
Transport | getTransport(URLName url)Get a Transport object for the given URLName. |
Message
Message是邮件的载体,用于封装邮件的所有信息,Message是一个抽象类,已知的实现类有MimeMessage。一封完整的邮件都有哪些信息呢?我们打开一个邮件客户端,我用的是FoxMail,新建一封邮件,如下图所示:
这就是一封完整的邮件包含的所有信息,默认情况下是没有暗送和回复设置的,可以通过菜单栏-->查看-->暗送地址/回复地址来显示出来,回复地址默认情况下为发件人,暗送是比较猥琐的发邮件方式,暗送邮件除了被暗送者,没有人能知道暗送给谁了,邮件头信息中也不会记录。下面来看下Message中设置邮件信息的一些方法。
发件人
abstract void | setFrom()Set the "From" attribute in this Message. |
abstract void | setFrom(Address address)Set the "From" attribute in this Message. |
收件人/抄送人/暗送人
void | setRecipient(Message.RecipientType type,Address address)Set the recipient address. |
abstract void | setRecipients(Message.RecipientType type,Address[] addresses)Set the recipient addresses. |
static Message.RecipientType | BCCThe "Bcc" (blind carbon copy) recipients. |
static Message.RecipientType | CCThe "Cc" (carbon copy) recipients. |
static Message.RecipientType | TOThe "To" (primary) recipients. |
回复人
void | setReplyTo(Address[] addresses)Set the addresses to which replies should be directed. |
标题
abstract void | setSubject(String subject)Set the subject of this message. |
内容
void | setContent(Multipart mp)This method sets the given Multipart object as this message's content. |
void | setContent(Object obj,String type)A convenience method for setting this part's content. |
void | setText(String text)A convenience method that sets the given String as this part's content with a MIME type of "text/plain". |
示例
下面来看一个稍复杂点的示例:
本文来自:
高爽|Coder,原文地址:
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/ghsau/article/details/17909093,转载请注明。
- public class JavaMailTest2 {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {
- Properties props = new Properties();
- // 开启debug调试
- props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");
- // 发送服务器需要身份验证
- props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
- // 设置邮件服务器主机名
- props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");
- // 发送邮件协议名称
- props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
- // 设置环境信息
- Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
- // 在session中设置账户信息,Transport发送邮件时会使用
- protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
- return new PasswordAuthentication("java_mail_001", "javamail");
- }
- });
- // 创建邮件对象
- Message msg = new MimeMessage(session);
- // 发件人
- msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress("java_mail_001@163.com"));
- // 多个收件人
- msg.setRecipients(RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse("java_mail_002@163.com,java_mail_003@163.com"));
- // 抄送人
- msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress("java_mail_001@163.com"));
- // 暗送人
- msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.BCC, new InternetAddress("java_mail_004@163.com"));
- // 主题
- msg.setSubject("中文主题");
- // HTML内容
- msg.setContent("<div align=\"center\">你好啊</div>", "text/html;charset=utf-8");
- // 连接邮件服务器、发送邮件、关闭连接,全干了
- Transport.send(msg);
- }
- }
本文深入讲解JavaMail API的Session、Message及Transport类的使用方法,包括如何创建邮件、设置邮件属性及发送邮件。
1万+

被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?



