Capability Containers

本文介绍了TWAIN标准中四种不同类型的数据容器结构:TW_ONEVALUE、TW_ARRAY、TW_RANGE及TW_ENUMERATION,并详细解释了它们的应用场景及如何支持属性的多样化。

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有很多多样化的属性,但所有都有一个默认值,现在值和很多其他可用的选择了能被支持的值。在清晰的结构体里帮助归类支持的值。TWAIN为属性定义了4种容器类型。

数据结构的容器名内容
TW_ONEVALUE一个现在值和默认值一样的值。可用值的范围,这个属性的类型是单一的值。例如,一种表明一个文档送纸器的存在的属性可能是这种类型。
TW_ARRAY 一个描述现在逻辑项的值数组。可用值可能是在数组中的一个更大的值。如,一个名字列表,通过CAP_SUPPORTEDCAPS属性被返回的支持属性列表会使用这种类型的容器
TW_RANGE

很多属性允许用户从一个规定空间值的范围去选择他们的现在值。这个属性能指定最小和最大的可接受的值,和增加步长。如分辨率可能支持从100到600每步长为50(100,150,200,...,550,600)


TW_ENUMERATION 这是最常见的类型,因为它从能被选择的现有值定义了一个值列表,这些值没有一致地增长和在他们之间没有相同的步长。如,如果一个源的分辨率选项没有在事件步长发生,一个枚举类型会被使用(如150,400和600)。
  

### SYS_USE_IO in Database Systems or Operating Systems Context In the context of database systems and operating systems, `SYS_USE_IO` typically refers to a capability that allows processes with this privilege to perform certain types of I/O operations without being subject to normal restrictions. This can be particularly relevant when dealing with direct hardware access or specialized file system interactions. #### In Linux Capabilities Framework The Linux capabilities framework provides fine-grained control over privileged operations traditionally associated with superuser (root) privileges. One such capability is **CAP_SYS_ADMIN**, which encompasses several administrative functions including some related to I/O management[^4]. However, there isn't a specific capability named `SYS_USE_IO`. Instead, functionalities often attributed informally as "I/O-related" might fall under broader categories like: - **CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE**: Allows bypassing discretionary access controls on files. - **CAP_CHOWN**: Permits changing ownership of files. - **CAP_FOWNER**: Overrides permission checks for setting time and accessing special files. These capabilities are crucial for managing how applications interact with storage devices directly, ensuring both performance optimization and security enforcement. #### Within Docker Containers When running containers using Docker, especially those requiring elevated permissions for optimized I/O handling, one may use flags like `--privileged`, as seen here: ```bash docker run -d --name mysql --privileged ... ``` This flag grants extended privileges not covered by default container isolation mechanisms but does so at the cost of reduced security separation between host and guest environments[^1]. For more granular control within non-privileged containers while still allowing necessary I/O operations, consider mounting volumes explicitly rather than relying solely on broad privilege escalation methods. #### Example Code Snippet Demonstrating Volume Mounts To illustrate volume mounts specifically aimed at enhancing controlled I/O paths without full privilege elevation: ```bash docker run -d \ --name custom_app \ -v /path/to/host/data:/app/data \ my_custom_image ``` --related questions-- 1. How do different Linux capabilities affect application behavior inside Docker containers? 2. What best practices should developers follow when configuring secure yet efficient I/O pathways in containerized applications? 3. Can you provide examples where CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE would be beneficial compared to other similar capabilities? 4. Is it possible to limit I/O bandwidth per container in Docker setups? If yes, what tools support this feature? : 创建容器,设置共享目录和ip docker run -d --name mysql --privileged -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.20 mysql:lnmp docker ps -a . [^2]: ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx-vol/_data # 详细信息中会显示nginx-vol 这个卷实际在宿主机位置. [^3]: 在 php/php56目录下,执行命令构建自定义镜像project1_php docker build -t project1_php .. [^4]: The Linux capabilities(7) manual page describes various capabilities available in the Linux kernel, providing detailed explanations about each capability's purpose and scope.
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