/*
同步函数用的是哪一个锁呢?
函数需要被对象调用,那么函数都有一个所属对象引用,就是this。
所以同步函数使用的锁是this。
通过该程序进行验证。
使用两个线程来卖票
一个线程在同步代码块中。
一个线程在同步函数中。
都在实习卖票动作。
*/
class Ticket implements Runnable
{
private int tick = 1000;
Object obj = new Object();
boolean flag = true;
public void run()
{
if(flag)
{
while(true)
{
synchronized(this)//同步代码块
{
if(tick>0)
{
try{Thread.sleep(15);}catch(Exception e){}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...code: "+tick--);
}
}
}
}
else
while(true)
show();
}
public synchronized void show()//同步函数,锁为this
{
if(tick>0)
{
try{Thread.sleep(15);}catch(Exception e){}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...show: "+tick--);
}
}
}
class ThisLockDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Ticket t = new Ticket();
Thread t1 = new Thread(t);//创建了一个线程
Thread t2 = new Thread(t);//创建了一个线程
t1.start();
try{Thread.sleep(10);}catch(Exception e){}
t.flag = false;
t2.start();
}
}
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/*
如果同步函数被静态修饰后,使用的锁是什么呢?
通过验证,发现不再是this。因为静态方法中不可以定义this
静态进内存时,内存中没有本类对象,但是一定有该类
对应的字节码文件对象。类名.class 该对象的类型是Class
静态的同步方法,使用的锁是该方法所在类的字节码文件对象。类名.class
*/
class Ticket implements Runnable
{
private static int tick = 1000;
Object obj = new Object();
boolean flag = true;
public void run()
{
if(flag)
{
while(true)
{
synchronized(Ticket.class)//同步代码块
{
if(tick>0)
{
try{Thread.sleep(15);}catch(Exception e){}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...code: "+tick--);
}
}
}
}
else
while(true)
show();
}
public static synchronized void show()//同步函数
{
if(tick>0)
{
try{Thread.sleep(15);}catch(Exception e){}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"...show: "+tick--);
}
}
}
class StaticMethodDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Ticket t = new Ticket();
Thread t1 = new Thread(t);//创建了一个线程
Thread t2 = new Thread(t);//创建了一个线程
t1.start();
try{Thread.sleep(10);}catch(Exception e){}
t.flag = false;
t2.start();
}
}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
单例设计模式
饿汉式:
class Single
{
private static final Single s = new Single();
private Single(){}
public static Single getInstance()
{
retrun s;
}
}
*/
//懒汉式:
class Single
{
private static Single s = null;
private Single(){}
public static Single getInstance()
{
if(s==null)
{
synchronized(Single.class)//静态方法锁是Class对象
{
if(s==null)
s = new Single();
return s;
}
}
}
}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//死锁示例,要求掌握
class Test implements Runnable
{
private boolean flag;
Test(boolean flag)
{
this.flag = flag;
}
public void run()
{
if(flag)
{
while(true)
{
synchronized(MyLock.locka)
{
System.out.println("if locka");
synchronized(MyLock.lockb)
{
System.out.println("if loakb");
}
}
}
}
else
{
while(true)
{
synchronized(MyLock.lockb)
{
System.out.println("else lockb");
synchronized(MyLock.locka)
{
System.out.println("else locka");
}
}
}
}
}
}
class MyLock
{
static Object locka = new Object();
static Object lockb = new Object();
}
class DeadLockTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Test(true));
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Test(false));
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
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个人总结: