NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

接着第一期，我们继续。

为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用MS Test来进行测试，这样就避免了在一个Console工程里不停地添加、注释代码了。

 

提示：为了在VS2005IDE中获得NHibernate配置文件的代码提示，请将你的$NHibernate/src/NHibernate下的nhibernate-configuration-2.0.xsd、nhibernate-mapping-2.0.xsd拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Xml/Schemas下，这样当你编辑配置文件或者映射文件时，你将得到完整的代码提示。
VS2003请拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003/Common7/Packages/schemas/xml下。
 

NHibernat内部使用log4net来进行日志操作，今天我们将在配置文件中添加log4net的配置，这样我们在测试的时候将可以清楚地看到NHibernate是如何进行工作的。

应用配置文件修改如下：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  ?>
< configuration >
   < configSections >
     < section  name ="nhibernate"  type ="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System,Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"  />
     < section  name ="log4net"  type ="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"  />
   </ configSections >

   < nhibernate >
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.provider"  value ="NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider"  />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.driver_class"  value ="NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver"  />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.connection_string"  value ="Server=localhost;Initial Catalog=NHibernate;Integrated Security=SSPI"  />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.isolation"  value ="ReadCommitted" />
     < add  key ="hibernate.dialect"  value ="NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect"  />
     < add  key ="show_sql"  value ="true"  />
   </ nhibernate >

   < log4net >
     < appender  name ="ConsoleAppender"  type ="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"  >
       < layout  type ="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout" >
         < conversionPattern  value ="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%ndc] - %message%newline"  />
       </ layout >
     </ appender >
     < root >
       < level  value ="ALL"  />
       < appender-ref  ref ="ConsoleAppender"  />
     </ root >

   </ log4net >

</ configuration >

请注意添加：

 

< add  key ="show_sql"  value ="true"  />

 

关于log4net的使用，我们这里不做详细的讲解，有兴趣的请参考如下地址：

http://logging.apache.org/log4net/

 

接着，我们在上次的工程组中添加一个名为Test1的测试项目，将其中的不需要的手动测试去掉。请注意：除了NHibernate/Model引用外，还需要添加如下3个引用：

log4net,System.Data,System.Xml.

修改代码如下：

using  System;
using  System.Text;
using  System.Collections;
using  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using  NHibernate;
using  NHibernate.Cfg;
using  log4net;
using  log4net.Config;
using  Test.Model;

namespace  Test1
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Summary description for UnitTest1
    /// </summary>
    [TestClass]
    public class UnitTest1
    {
        static ISessionFactory factory;
        static ILog logger;
        ISession session;

        public UnitTest1()
        {
        }

        Additional test attributes#region Additional test attributes
        
         [ClassInitialize()]
         public static void MyClassInitialize(TestContext testContext) 
         {
             XmlConfigurator.Configure();
             logger = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Test1.UnitTest1));
             Configuration config = new Configuration().AddAssembly("Test.Model");
             factory = config.BuildSessionFactory();
         }
        
         [ClassCleanup()]
         public static void MyClassCleanup() { }
        
         [TestInitialize()]
         public void MyTestInitialize() 
         {
             session = factory.OpenSession();
         }
        
         [TestCleanup()]
         public void MyTestCleanup() 
         {
             session.Close();
         }
        
        #endregion
    }
}

 

我们在测试的开始对Configuration/SessionFactory/Log进行初始化。在每一个Test的开始获取一个新的session，每一个Test结束后即关闭session。

添加如下一个Get测试：

[TestMethod]
public  void  TestRead()
{
      Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);
      Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jackie Chan");
}

我们在前面曾经插入一条名为“Jackie Chan”的记录，现在在Test Manager中选中TestRead，运行，ok，Passed！
我们使用了session.Get来获取记录，方法如下：

object Get(Type clazz,object id);

很简单，一目了然。

我们切换到Test Results窗口，双击测试成功的TestRead方法，这时将会有一个详细的测试结果显示出来，NHibernate将使用我们指定的log4net来输出详细信息，我们仔细观察：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,000 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - opened session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - loading [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - attempting to resolve [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - object not resolved in any cache [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Persister.EntityPersister [(null)] - Materializing entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened new IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Building an IDbCommand object for the SqlString: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.Int32Type [(null)] - binding '1' to parameter: 0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider [(null)] - Obtaining IDbConnection from Driver

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened Reader, open Readers :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - processing result set

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - result row: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Initializing object from DataReader: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Hydrating entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.StringType [(null)] - returning 'Jackie Chan' as column: name0_

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - done processing result set (1 rows)

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Driver.NHybridDataReader [(null)] - running NHybridDataReader.Dispose()

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed Reader, open Readers :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - total objects hydrated: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - resolving associations for: [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - done materializing entity [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - initializing non-lazy collections

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - closing session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - disconnecting session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Closing connection

2006-04-15 13:52:13,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - transaction completion

 

在其中，我们可以发现：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

对了，就是这里，NHibernate替我们构造了一条sql语句，并添加一个参数，然后将我们在代码中赋的id值1来填充，这样，一条完整的可以执行的sql语句产生了。

请注意：在产生sql语句的前面，NHibernate构造了一个IDBCommand，然后在sql语句产生完全后，获取连接，通过一个DataReader来填充Persion对象给我们使用，这就是NHibernate替我们做的事，是不是很简单啊？（真的很简单吗？？看看源代码吧！！）

请仔细研究输出的日志。

 

如法炮制，我们添加另外3个Test，完成单个表的全部CRUD操作，如下完整代码：

[TestMethod]

         public  void  TestCreate()

         {

            Person person = new Person();

            person.Name = "Jackie Chan";

 

            ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();

            try

            {

                session.Save(person);

                trans.Commit();

                Assert.IsTrue(person.Id > 0);

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public  void  TestUpdate()

         {

            Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);

            person.Name = "Jet Li";

 

            ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();

            try

            {

                session.Save(person);

                trans.Commit();

                Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jet Li");

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public  void  TestRead()

         {

            Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);

            Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jackie Chan");

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public  void  TestDelete()

         {

            Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);

 

            ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();

            try

            {

                session.Delete(person);

                trans.Commit();

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

Delete的方法如下：

void Delete( object  obj);

直接传入需要delete的对象即可。

 

好了，基本的操作都完成了，是不是很Easy？
好了，这一篇就讲这么多，我们下次再接着练习。
 

Step by Step，顾名思义，是一步一步来的意思，整个教程我将贯彻这一理念。

任何建议或者批评，请e： abluedog@163.com

 

posted on 2006-04-15 14:32 abluedog 阅读(5049) 评论(19)   编辑   收藏 所属分类: NHibernate

评论

强烈支持!   

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#2楼  2006-04-16 11:46 JetLee

支持，学习中...
期待更多！    回复   引用   查看    

#3楼 [未注册] 2006-04-16 12:59 javac

没有Visual Studio 2005 team system版测试怎么做？    回复   引用   查看    

#4楼  2006-04-16 13:18 天梦

期待更多！学习。。。。    回复   引用   查看    

#5楼 [楼主] 2006-04-16 15:37 abluedog

@javac
你可以使用nunit，基本上差别不大。之所以使用MS Test，是因为ms既然在ide里包含了测试框架，那么不管我们喜欢还是不喜欢，它肯定会获得比较广泛的应用——这也是没办法的事。    回复   引用   查看    

#6楼  2006-04-16 21:18 SOSOS's BLog

建议:希望abludedog把每次做好的教程也提供下载,这样更能帮助入门者,更好提高大家的水平!谢谢    回复   引用   查看    

#7楼 [未注册] 2006-04-19 20:19 mzl

建议:希望abludedog把每次做好的教程也提供下载,这样更能帮助入门者,更好提高大家的水平!谢谢
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


支持。。。。。。。
谢谢abluedog！！！！！！！！    回复   引用   查看    

#8楼 [未注册] 2006-04-20 14:14 和地球人一起

[TestClass]等等这些属性都怎么来的。作者也没说清楚啊。......
可能因为我也没用ms test吧,所以总觉得不知所云,突然就出来了个test1,说类也不是类，说工程也不是工程，说应用程序也不是应用程序,而且还那么属性不知从哪里来的饿。。..搞的我赶紧下了个nunit,还没开始用呢，,,正一头雾水中。..    回复   引用   查看    

#9楼 [楼主] 2006-04-22 20:10 abluedog

@SOSOS's BLog
@mzl
目前还是以文章为主，测试程序都是说明性的，等这个系列完了后，我会再重新整理出来一份文档及示例代码，抱歉了。

@和地球人一起
抱歉让您理解不清楚了。
我在前面已经说明是使用的vs2005演示的，可能我忘了一点，我使用的是team suite版，如果您使用的是professional版或者更低的版本，可能不会包含完整的测试框架。
至于mstest，我想您看一下sdk就应该很清楚了，我在这里就不费笔墨在nhibernate外的地方了。    回复   引用   查看    

#10楼  2006-06-07 16:50 家中慢步

好文章，找了很久了，这一系列入门教程最清楚了.

请问，如何实现dataGrid的绑定，分页之类的效果呢？    回复   引用   查看    

#11楼  2006-08-24 10:16 小草

呵呵。不错呀。我试完会继续发布补充说明，呵呵。    回复   引用   查看    

#12楼 [未注册] 2006-08-25 18:19 viptell

类初始化方法 Test1.UnitTest1.MyClassInitialize 引发异常。NHibernate.MappingException: NHibernate.MappingException: The dialect was not set. Set the property hibernate.dialect. ---> NHibernate.HibernateException: The dialect was not set. Set the property hibernate.dialect.


-----------------

怎么处理啊，大哥？    回复   引用   查看    

#13楼  2006-08-30 17:58 kegogo

楼主为什么我的这里没有那条sql语句
我的测试结果如下:
2006-08-30 17:54:18,796 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - NHibernate 1.2.0.1001 (1.2.0.Alpha1)
2006-08-30 17:54:18,890 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - Bytecode provider name : lcg
2006-08-30 17:54:18,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - Using reflection optimizer
2006-08-30 17:54:18,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - Searching for mapped documents in assembly: Test.Model
2006-08-30 17:54:18,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - Found mapping documents in assembly: Test.Model.Person.hbm.xml
2006-08-30 17:54:19,703 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Dialect.Dialect [(null)] - Using dialect: NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect
2006-08-30 17:54:19,843 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapping class: Test.Model.Person -> Person
2006-08-30 17:54:19,890 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapped property: Id -> id, type: Int32
2006-08-30 17:54:19,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapped property: Name -> name, type: String
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing one-to-many association mappings
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing one-to-one association property references
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing foreign key constraints
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Dialect.Dialect [(null)] - Using dialect: NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProviderFactory [(null)] - Intitializing connection provider: NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Configuring ConnectionProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Optimize cache for minimal puts: False
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Query language substitutions: {}
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - cache provider: NHibernate.Cache.HashtableCacheProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Using Isolation Level: ReadCommitted
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - instantiating and configuring caches
2006-08-30 17:54:19,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - building session factory
2006-08-30 17:54:19,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - instantiating session factory with properties: {hibernate.connection.driver_class=NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver, hibernate.dialect=NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect, hibernate.connection.provider=NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider, hibernate.connection.isolation=ReadCommitted, hibernate.use_reflection_optimizer=true, show_sql=true, hibernate.connection.connection_string=Server=localhost;Initial Catalog=NHibernate;Integrated Security=SSPI}
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - initializing class SessionFactoryObjectFactory
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - registered: 356b1fa6d48642e198ec974f094c7385(unnamed)
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - no name configured
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,250 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - Instantiated session factory    回复   引用   查看    

#14楼  2006-10-30 16:52 风吹河岸柳轻扬

我遇到的问题是，在创建测试项目的时候，没有指定的模板。难道是我装的模板有问题吗？    回复   引用   查看    

#15楼 [未注册][TrackBack] 2007-07-15 13:37 大冰

NHibernateStepbyStep(二)单表操作 NHibernateStepbyStep(二)单表操作接着第一期，我们继续。为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用MS...
[引用提示]大冰引用了该文章, 地址: http://www.cnblogs.com/hanbing768/archive/2007/07/15/818679.html    回复   引用   查看    

#16楼 [未注册] 2007-07-30 10:50 lanfker

虽然日志看不懂，但是正文还是看懂了，很感激LZ    回复   引用   查看    

#17楼 [未注册] 2007-08-04 22:30 akuan

在step(二)这里有过地方楼主没有明确说出来,就是配置文件是放在Test1测试项目里面的,如果不把配置文件放至测试项目中,测会报NHibernate.Dialect及lognet4的一些异常出来,这样会导致测试通不过.

向Test1添加配置文件:
右击[Test1]项目,选择添加新建项,然后在打开的窗何中选择"应用程序配置文件",然后再把楼主上面说的配置Copy一份进去就可以了.    回复   引用   查看    

#18楼  2007-08-10 09:51 高海东

我也开始学习这个框架了    回复   引用   查看    

#19楼 [未注册] 2007-09-03 13:58 zhaoyicun

Configuration config = new Configuration().AddAssembly("Test.Model");这一句出现：
“NHibernate.Cfg.Environment”的类型初始值设定项引发异常。
的错误，怎么解决啊？    回复   引用   查看    

#1楼 [未注册] 2006-04-15 17:46 tst