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df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 133G 31G 96G 25% / tmpfs 16G 9.9G 5.9G 63% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 504M 43M 436M 9% /boot /dev/sda5 2.7T 2.4T 204G 93% /data /dev/sdb1 2.7T 2.4T 204G 93% /data [root@bidw tmp] # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda : 299.4 GB, 299439751168 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 36404 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ccf41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 66 524288 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 66 1371 10485760 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 1371 18888 140704768 83 Linux /dev/sda4 18888 36405 140705792 5 Extended /dev/sda5 18888 36405 140704768 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb' ! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb : 2999.0 GB, 2998960914432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 364602 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Disk /dev/sdc : 1999.8 GB, 1999844147200 bytes 81 heads, 63 sectors /track , 765421 cylinders Units = cylinders of 5103 * 512 = 2612736 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x42d69282 |
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[root@bidw tmp] # fdisk /dev/sdc Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc1b09294. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode ( command 'c' ) and change display units to sectors ( command 'u' ). Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display /entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-243133, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-243133, default 243133): Using default value 243133 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re- read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 22: Invalid argument. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. |
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[root@bidw tmp] # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type : Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 122060800 inodes, 488242944 blocks 24412147 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 14900 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
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[root@bidw tmp] # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda : 299.4 GB, 299439751168 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 36404 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ccf41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 66 524288 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 66 1371 10485760 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 1371 18888 140704768 83 Linux /dev/sda4 18888 36405 140705792 5 Extended /dev/sda5 18888 36405 140704768 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb' ! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb : 2999.0 GB, 2998960914432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 364602 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Disk /dev/sdc : 1999.8 GB, 1999844147200 bytes 81 heads, 63 sectors /track , 765421 cylinders Units = cylinders of 5103 * 512 = 2612736 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x42d69282 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 765634 1953513560 83 Linux |
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[root@bidw tmp] # mount /dev/sdc1 /u01 [root@bidw tmp] # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 133G 32G 95G 25% / tmpfs 16G 9.9G 5.9G 63% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 504M 43M 436M 9% /boot /dev/sda5 2.7T 2.4T 204G 93% /data /dev/sdb1 2.7T 2.4T 204G 93% /data /dev/sdc1 1.8T 196M 1.7T 1% /u01 |
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[root@bidw tmp] # cat /etc/fstab "/etc/fstab" 19L, 979C # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Dec 29 12:06:41 2012 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=bcc682b0-5a55-4df8-8f7f-2ebfca7e0bf9 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=f75b95fb-78cf-4070-b629-a5b1983edc83 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=5743454b-f226-4c7c-8ad4-bf8db690572b /data xfs defaults 1 2 UUID=e9ea4e7a-d959-4c63-a562-dc059d58ac08 swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=16G 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /data ext3 defaults 0 0 |
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[root@bidw tmp] # mount -a [root@bidw tmp] # mount /dev/sda3 on / type ext4 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,size=16G) /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw) /dev/sda5 on /data type xfs (rw) /dev/sdb1 on /data type ext3 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) none on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) /dev/sdc1 on /u01 type ext4 (rw) |
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[root@bidw tmp] # cd /u01 [root@bidw u01] # ll total 16 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 21 09:49 lost+found [root@bidw u01] # touch test [root@bidw u01] # ll total 16 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 21 09:49 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 21 10:03 test [root@bidw u01] # rm test rm : remove regular empty file ` test '? y |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:36:30 # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda : 999.7 GB, 999653638144 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 121534 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00045789 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 131 1048576 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 131 4309 33554432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 4309 121535 941620224 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb : 2999.0 GB, 2998960914432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 364602 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:38:04 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 884G 2.0G 838G 1% / tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 1008M 56M 902M 6% /boot |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:38:06 # parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 2.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) p Error: /dev/sdb : unrecognised disk label (parted) mklabel gpt (parted) mkpart primary 0% 100% (parted) print Model: DELL PERC H710P (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb : 2999GB Sector size (logical /physical ): 512B /512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 2999GB 2999GB primary (parted) quit Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab . |
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介绍一下各个命令的意思 p 是打印磁盘信息,查看分区的情况,找到起始和结束位置。 mklabel gpt 是进行gpt类型分区 mkpart primary 0% 100% 是primary指分区类型为主分区,0是分区开始位置,100%是分区结束位置。相同的命令为:mkpart primary 0-1 或者是:mkpart primary 0 XXXXXX结束的空间 print 打印当前分区,查看分区设置是否正确 quit 退出 |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:44:05 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 884G 2.0G 838G 1% / tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 1008M 56M 902M 6% /boot root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home |
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02:44:07 # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda : 999.7 GB, 999653638144 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 121534 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00045789 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 131 1048576 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 131 4309 33554432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 4309 121535 941620224 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb' ! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb : 2999.0 GB, 2998960914432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 364602 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT |
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02:44:12 # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type : Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 183042048 inodes, 732167680 blocks 36608384 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 22344 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:47:23 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 884G 2.0G 838G 1% / tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 1008M 56M 902M 6% /boot |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:49:38 # mkdir /data 然后挂载 /dev/sdb1 到 /data 目录 root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:50:36 # mount /dev/sdb1 /data root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:50:41 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 884G 2.0G 838G 1% / tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 1008M 56M 902M 6% /boot /dev/sdb1 2.7T 201M 2.6T 1% /data |
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root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:51:39 # cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed Aug 27 13:39:16 2014 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1bc74b58-1fbe-4f65-9790-d02abc23d461 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=ebbbaa89-e509-4fef-8763-be6eed9408c7 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=98417724-a1c5-4f9a-9750-85beda11e4e1 swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /data ext4
defaults 0 0 |
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02:51:43 # mount -a root@ip-10-10-27-116: /home 02:51:45 # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 884G 2.0G 838G 1% / tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 1008M 56M 902M 6% /boot /dev/sdb1 2.7T 201M 2.6T 1% /data |
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11:04:13 # cd /data root@ip-10-10-27-116: /data 11:06:44 # echo "this is test">test root@ip-10-10-27-116: /data 11:06:52 # cat test this is test root@ip-10-10-27-116: /data 11:06:54 # rm test rm : remove regular file ` test '? y root@ip-10-10-27-116: /data |