软件工程-gitlab+jenkins+docker 实现CICD

最新推荐文章于 2025-10-30 22:54:21 发布

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#docker #jenkins

本文档详述了如何在服务器上安装和配置gitlab、jenkins以及docker，以建立一套完整的持续集成和持续部署（CICD）流程。首先，通过yum命令安装gitlab并设置自启动、邮件通知和外部URL。接着，安装jenkins，调整端口、配置JDK、下载插件，并修改更新源。然后，安装docker并启动。最后，在gitlab中创建项目，推送代码，并在jenkins中配置构建触发器和脚本，实现自动构建和部署。

什么是CICD？

CI-持续集成

CD-持续交付

CD-持续部署

下面我们来看下如何用 gitlab+jenkins+docker 实现CICD

一安装 gitlab

1.安装ssh

yum install -y curl policycoreutils-pythonopenssh-server

2.将SSH服务设置成开机自启动，安装命令：sudo systemctl enable sshd

3.启动SSH服务，安装命令：sudo systemctl start sshd

4.关闭防火墙

5.安装Postfix以发送通知邮件，安装命令：sudo yum install postfix

6.将postfix服务设置成开机自启动，安装命令：sudo systemctl enable postfix

7.启动postfix，安装命令：sudo systemctl start postfix

8.添加gitlab 清华yum源

创建 /etc/yum.repos.d/gitlab-ce.repo 文件，内容为

[gitlab-ce]
name=Gitlab CE Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el$releasever/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

再执行

sudo yum makecache
sudo yum install gitlab-ce

编辑/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb文件，external_url ‘http://locahost’ 改成自己的ip地址


##! address from AWS. For more details, see:
##! https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instancedata-data-retrieval.html
external_url 'http://192.168.116.130:8000'

9.生效配置并启动gitlab

gitlab-ctl reconfigure


[root@localhost ~]# gitlab-ctl start
ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 1739) 0s
ok: run: gitaly: (pid 1726) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 1745) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 1728) 0s
ok: run: grafana: (pid 1743) 0s
ok: run: logrotate: (pid 1711) 0s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 1752) 0s
ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 1751) 0s
ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 1741) 0s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 1750) 0s
ok: run: prometheus: (pid 1732) 0s
ok: run: puma: (pid 1735) 0s
ok: run: redis: (pid 1725) 0s
ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 1730) 0s
ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 1748) 0s

10.设置管理员账号

gitlab-rails console -e production

Loading production environment (Rails 6.1.3.2)
irb(main):001:0> u=User.find(1)
=> #<User id:1 @root>
irb(main):002:0> u.password='test12345678'
=> "test12345678"
irb(main):003:0> u.save
Enqueued ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob (Job ID: 63665a45-e611-428c-9903-8ac8fb1fccb9) to Sidekiq(mailers) with arguments: "DeviseMailer", "password_change", "deliver_now", {:args=>[#<GlobalID:0x00007fcc207de238 @uri=#<URI::GID gid://gitlab/User/1>>]}
=> true
irb(main):004:0> exit

11.登陆gitlab

二. 安装jenkins

1.安装jdk 并配置环境变量(不细说)

2.yum 安装jenkins

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
  sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key

 yum install epel-release # repository that provides 'daemonize'
  yum install java-11-openjdk-devel
  yum install jenkins

3.配置jenkins

设置端口号

vi /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

## Type:        integer(0:65535)
## Default:     8080
## ServiceRestart: jenkins
#
# Port Jenkins is listening on.
# Set to -1 to disable
#
JENKINS_PORT="8088"

设置jdk 路径

vi /etc/init.d/jenkins

# Search usable Java as /usr/bin/java might not point to minimal version required by Jenkins.
# see http://www.nabble.com/guinea-pigs-wanted-----Hudson-RPM-for-RedHat-Linux-td25673707.html
candidates="
/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_301/bin/java

4. 启动jenkins

service jenkins start

5.首次访问输入默认密码

查看默认密码

cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

6.登录

7. 插件下载镜像地址修改为 http://mirror.xmission.com/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

重启生效

8.如果还是无法下载插件可以按下面两步修改

1、修改 jenkins 数据目录中的hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml值为：

sed -i ‘s/https://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json/https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json/g’ /root/.jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml

2、修改updates文件夹中的 default.json文件

sed -i ‘s/http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/g’ /root/.jenkins/updates/default.json

sed -i ‘s/http://www.google.com/http://www.baidu.com/g’ /root/.jenkins/updates/default.json

9.将jenkins账户改成root权限

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins 将jenkins_user 改为root 重启生效

## Type:        string
## Default:     "jenkins"
## ServiceRestart: jenkins
#
# Unix user account that runs the Jenkins daemon
# Be careful when you change this, as you need to update
# permissions of $JENKINS_HOME and /var/log/jenkins.
#
JENKINS_USER="root"

三 .安装docker

sudo yum install docker-ce

[root@centos1 updates]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.8, build 3967b7d

四. gitlab创建工程

push 本地项目到gitlab

五. 配置jenkins

1.新建一个工程

2.配置项目

1.源码管理

2. 添加凭证

设置触发器

生成token

设置 gitlab的webhooks

构建

编写构建后shell脚本

六. 提交代码到git触发构建部署