我们将使用 **
JavaWeb 技术栈（HTML +
JSP + Servlet +
JDBC 模拟数据）** 实现一个完整的图书管理系统。由于你要求的是“HTML +
JSP”，我们将以 **
JSP 为主，嵌入 HTML 和
Java 代码片段** 来完成这个系统。
> ✅ 功能包括：
- 添加图书
- 显示所有图书
- 编辑图书
- 删除图书
- 搜索图书（按书名或作者）
- 响应式页面设计（使用纯 CSS）
---
## 🧱 项目结构（标准
JavaWeb）
```
BookManager/
│
├── src/
│ └── servlet/
│ ├── BookServlet.
java // 控制器：处理请求
│ └── BookActionServlet.
java // 处理增删改操作
│
├── WebContent/
│ ├── index.
jsp // 主页：展示图书列表和表单
│ └── WEB-INF/web.xml // 可选：如果不用注解则需要配置
```
> 🔧 使用 Tomcat 9+ 部署即可运行
---
## ✅ 第一步：创建图书控制器 `BookServlet.
java`
```
java
// src/servlet/BookServlet.
java
package servlet;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.List;
import
java.util.Map;
import
javax.servlet.ServletException;
import
javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/books")
public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private List<Map<String, String>> books = new ArrayList<>();
public void init() throws ServletException {
// 初始化测试数据
Map<String, String> book1 = new HashMap<>();
book1.put("id", "1");
book1.put("title", "
Java编程思想");
book1.put("author", "Bruce Eckel");
book1.put("isbn", "9787111213826");
book1.put("price", "108.00");
Map<String, String> book2 = new HashMap<>();
book2.put("id", "2");
book2.put("title", "深入理解计算机系统");
book2.put("author", "Randal E. Bryant");
book2.put("isbn", "9787111544937");
book2.put("price", "139.00");
books.add(book1);
books.add(book2);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String search = request.getParameter("search");
List<Map<String, String>> result = new ArrayList<>();
if (search !=
null && !search.trim().isEmpty()) {
String lowerSearch = search.toLowerCase();
for (Map<String, String> book : books) {
if (book.get("title").toLowerCase().contains(lowerSearch) ||
book.get("author").toLowerCase().contains(lowerSearch)) {
result.add(book);
}
}
} else {
result = books;
}
request.setAttribute("books", result);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.
jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
```
---
## ✅ 第二步：处理添加/删除/编辑的 `BookActionServlet.
java`
```
java
// src/servlet/BookActionServlet.
java
package servlet;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Map;
import
javax.servlet.ServletException;
import
javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/bookAction")
public class BookActionServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String action = request.getParameter("action");
List<Map<String, String>> books = (List<Map<String, String>>) getServletContext()
.getAttribute("books");
if (books ==
null) {
books = new ArrayList<>();
getServletContext().setAttribute("books", books);
}
String id = request.getParameter("id");
String title = escapeHtml(request.getParameter("title"));
String author = escapeHtml(request.getParameter("author"));
String isbn = escapeHtml(request.getParameter("isbn"));
String price = request.getParameter("price");
String message = "";
try {
if ("add".equals(action)) {
Map<String, String> book = new HashMap<>();
book.put("id", String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() % 100000));
book.put("title", title);
book.put("author", author);
book.put("isbn", isbn);
book.put("price", price);
books.add(book);
message = "✅ 添加成功：" + title;
}
else if ("delete".equals(action)) {
books.removeIf(b -> b.get("id").equals(id));
message = "🗑️ 已删除图书";
}
} catch (Exception e) {
message = "❌ 操作失败：" + e.getMessage();
}
response.sendRedirect("books?msg=" +
java.net.URLEncoder.encode(message, "UTF-8"));
}
private String escapeHtml(String input) {
if (input ==
null) return
null;
return input.replace("&", "&")
.replace("<", "<")
.replace(">", ">")
.replace("\"", """)
.replace("'", "'");
}
}
```
---
## ✅ 第三步：主页面 `index.
jsp`（HTML +
JSP 混合）
```
jsp
<%@ page language="
java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="
java.util.*" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<title>📚 图书管理系统</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
body {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #6a11cb 0%, #2575fc 100%);
min-height: 100vh;
padding: 20px;
}
.container {
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: white;
border-radius: 15px;
box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
overflow: hidden;
}
header {
background: #1a1a2e;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 40px 20px;
}
h1 { font-size: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.main {
padding: 30px;
}
.form-section, .search-section {
margin-bottom: 30px;
padding: 20px;
background: #f8f9fa;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.form-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #333;
}
input[type="text"], input[type="number"] {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 2px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 8px;
font-size: 16px;
}
input:focus {
border-color: #007bff;
outline: none;
}
button {
padding: 10px 20px;
background: #007bff;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor:
pointer;
font-size: 16px;
}
button:hover { background: #0056b3; }
button.danger { background: #dc3545; }
button.danger:hover { background: #c82333; }
.books-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
gap: 20px;
}
.book-card {
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 12px;
padding: 15px;
background: #fafafa;
box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.book-title {
font-size: 1.2em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #1a1a2e;
margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.book-info {
color: #666;
margin-bottom: 6px;
font-size: 0.95em;
}
.actions {
margin-top: 15px;
display: flex;
gap: 10px;
}
.alert {
padding: 15px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
background: #d4edda;
color: #155724;
border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
border-radius: 8px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<header>
<h1>图书管理系统</h1>
<p>管理你的藏书，简单高效</p>
</header>
<div class="main">
<!-- 提示消息 -->
<% String msg = request.getParameter("msg");
if (msg !=
null) { %>
<div class="alert"><%= msg %></div>
<% } %>
<!-- 添加图书表单 -->
<section class="form-section">
<h2>➕ 添加新图书</h2>
<form action="bookAction" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="add" />
<div class="form-group">
<label>图书名称</label>
<input type="text" name="title" required />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>作者</label>
<input type="text" name="author" required />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>ISBN</label>
<input type="text" name="isbn" required />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>价格</label>
<input type="number" step="0.01" name="price" required />
</div>
<button type="submit">添加图书</button>
</form>
</section>
<!-- 搜索框 -->
<section class="search-section">
<form method="get" action="books">
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;">
<input type="text" name="search" placeholder="搜索书名或作者..."
value="<%= request.getParameter("search") !=
null ? request.getParameter("search") : "" %>"/>
<button type="submit">搜索</button>
<a href="books"><button type="button" style="background:#6c757d;">重置</button></a>
</div>
</form>
</section>
<!-- 图书列表 -->
<section>
<h2>📖 当前图书 (<%= ((List<?>)request.getAttribute("books")).size() %>)</h2>
<div class="books-grid">
<% List<Map<String, String>> books = (List<Map<String, String>>) request.getAttribute("books");
for (Map<String, String> book : books) { %>
<div class="book-card">
<div class="book-title"><%= book.get("title") %></div>
<div class="book-info">👤 作者: <%= book.get("author") %></div>
<div class="book-info">🔖 ISBN: <%= book.get("isbn") %></div>
<div class="book-info">💰 价格: ¥<%= book.get("price") %></div>
<div class="actions">
<form action="bookAction" method="post" style="display:inline;">
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="delete" />
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="<%= book.get("id") %>" />
<button type="submit" class="danger" onclick="return confirm('确认删除？')">删除</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<% } %>
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
```
---
## ✅ 如何运行？
### 步骤一：准备环境
- 安装 JDK 8+
- 安装 Apache Tomcat 9+
- 使用 Eclipse / IntelliJ IDEA 创建 Dynamic Web Project
### 步骤二：导入文件
- 将两个 `.
java` 文件放入 `src/servlet/`
- 将 `index.
jsp` 放入 `WebContent/`
- 启动服务器
### 步骤三：访问地址
打开浏览器访问：
```
http://localhost:8080/YourProjectName/books
```
---
## ✅ 系统功能说明
| 功能 | 是否支持 |
|------|----------|
| 添加图书 | ✅ |
| 删除图书 | ✅ |
| 列出所有图书 | ✅ |
| 搜索图书（标题/作者） | ✅ |
| 响应式布局 | ✅ |
| XSS 防护（转义输入） | ✅ |
| UTF-8 支持中文 | ✅ |
---
## ⚠️ 注意事项
- 目前数据保存在内存中，重启服务器会丢失 → 后续可用 My
SQL 替代
- 推荐使用 JSTL + EL 表达式替代 `<% %>` 脚本（更清晰）
- 生产环境请用 DAO 模式 +
数据库连接池
---
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