除了使用标准的转换器之外,您还可以自行定制您的转换器,您可以实作javax.faces.convert.Converter接口,这个接口有两个要实作的方法:
public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, String str);
public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,Object obj);
简单的说,第一个方法会接收从客户端经由HTTP传来的字符串数据,您在第一个方法中将之转换为您的自订对象,这个自订对象将会自动设定给您指定的Bean对象;第二个方法就是将从您的Bean对象得到的对象转换为字符串,如此才能藉由HTTP传回给客户端。
直接以一个简单的例子来作说明,假设您有一个User类别:
User.java
package wsz.ncepu;
public class User {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}
这个User类别是我们转换器的目标对象,而您有一个GuestBean类别
GuestBean.java
package wsz.ncepu;
public class GuestBean {
private User user;
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
}
这个Bean上的属性直接传回或接受User型态的参数,我们来实作一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User对象进行转换:一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User对象进行转换:
UserConverter.java
package wsz.ncepu;
import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;
import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
import javax.faces.convert.ConverterException;
public class UserConverter implements Converter {
public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
String str) throws ConverterException {
String[] strs = str.split(",");
User user = new User();
try {
user.setFirstName(strs[0]);
user.setLastName(strs[1]);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ConverterException();
}
return user;
}
public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
Object obj) throws ConverterException {
String firstName = ((User) obj).getFirstName();
String lastName = ((User) obj).getLastName();
return firstName + "," + lastName;
}
}
注册转换器时,需提供转换器识别(Converter ID)与转换器类别,
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE faces-config PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.0//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_0.dtd">
<faces-config>
<navigation-rule>
<from-view-id>/*</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>show</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>/pages/index.jsp</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
<converter>
<converter-id>userConverter</converter-id>
<converter-class>wsz.ncepu.UserConverter</converter-class>
</converter>
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>guest</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>wsz.ncepu.GuestBean</managed-bean-class>
<managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
</managed-bean>
</faces-config>
接下来要在JSF页面中使用转换器的话,就是指定所要使用的转换器识别,
例如:index.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"%>
<f:view>
<html>
<head>
<title>自订转换器</title>
</head>
<body>
Guest名称是:
<b> <h:outputText value="#{guest.user}" converter="userConverter" />
</b>
<h:form>
<h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}">
<f:converter converterId="userConverter" />
</h:inputText>
<h:message for="userField" style="color:red" />
<br>
<h:commandButton value="送出" action="show" />
</h:form>
</body>
</html>
</f:view>
也可以<f:converter>卷标并使用converterId属性来指定转换器
结果如下:
除了向JSF注册转换器之外,还有一个方式可以不用注册,就是直接在Bean上提供一个取得转换器的方法,例如
package wsz.ncepu;
import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
public class GuestBean {
private User user;
private Converter converter = new UserConverter();
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public Converter getConverter() {
return converter;
}
}
之后可以直接结合 JSF Expression Language 来指定转换器:
<h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}" converter="#{guest.converter}"/>