Spring boot配置文件值注入

@ConfigurationProperties

将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性
和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定

Prefix
表示前缀，配置文件中哪个
下面的所有属性进行一一映射

注意
只有这个组件是容器中的组件
才能容器使用提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能
使用注解，这个组件必须在容器中

导入配置文件处理器

<!--导入配置文件处理器，配置文件进行绑定就会有提示-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

创建Bean

package com.atguigu.springboot.bean;


import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

import javax.validation.constraints.Null;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定；
 *      prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 *      表示前缀
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能；
 *  @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默认从全局配置文件中获取值；
 *
 */
//@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//@Validated
public class Person {

    /**
     * <bean class="Person">
     *      <property name="lastName" value="字面量/${key}从环境变量、配置文件中获取值/#{SpEL}"></property>
     * <bean/>
     */

   //lastName必须是邮箱格式
   // @Email
    //@Value("${person.last-name}")
    private String lastName;
    //@Value("#{11*2}")
    private Integer age;
    //@Value("true")
    private Boolean boss;

    private Date birth;
    //@Value("${person.maps}")
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Boolean getBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public List<Object> getLists() {
        return lists;
    }

    public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
        this.lists = lists;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }
}

配置文件

application.properties配置

person.last-name=张三${random.uuid}
person.age=${random.int}
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=${person.hello:hello}_dog
person.dog.age=15

或者
application.yml配置

person:
  lastName: hello
  age: 18
  boss: false
  birth: 2017/12/12
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
  lists:
    -lisi
    -zhaoliu
  dog:
    name: 小狗
    age: 12

测试

package com.atguigu.springboot;

import com.atguigu.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;


/**
 * SpringBoot单元测试;
 *
 * 可以在测试期间很方便的类似编码一样进行自动注入等容器的功能
 *
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBoot02ConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    Person person;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext ioc;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}

运行