执行rake db:migrate时的两个错误

本文详细阐述了在使用Rails框架进行项目开发时遇到的数据库迁移问题,包括因Rake版本过低导致的未初始化常量错误及与MySQL数据库版本不兼容导致的连接错误,并提供了详细的解决步骤和解决方案。

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        rails的确是来的方便,一个rails generate scaffold命令下来就可以生成view、controller和model的所有文件,然后再执行rake db:migrate就可以生成相应的数据库表结构。而就是这个简单的rake db:migrate却产生了预想不到的问题:

         首先交代一下背景:rails创建项目时,默认使用了SQLite数据库。为了快速上手,我换成了MySQL,也修改了相应的配置文件config/database.yml。

         第一个问题

                 rake aborted!

                 uninitialized constant Rake:DSL

        原因:默认安装的rake版本过低,不兼容

        解决办法:升级rake

        步骤:1. 安装0.9.2版本的rake,gem install rake -version=0.9.2

                     2. 卸载原来版本(可以通过gem -list rake查看当前安装的版本), gem uninstall rake -version=0.8.7

                     3. 更新所有组件,bundle update

         4.运行 rake db:migrate。于是出现第二个问题。


   第二个问题

         rake aborted!

         Mysql::Error: query: not connected: SHOW TABLES

   原因:MySQL5.1自带的libmySQL.dll和当前的rails不兼容

   解决办法:使用旧版本替换。

   步骤:1. 下载旧版本的libmySQL.dll: http://instantrails.rubyforge.org/svn/trunk/InstantRails-win/InstantRails/mysql/bin/libmySQL.dll

        2. 将下载的文件放到%RUBY_HOME/bin目录下。

 

   参考:

   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6085610/rails-rake-problems-uninitialized-constant-rakedsl

       http://rordiary.com/blog/tag/mysql/

   

    

* file[/var/log/gitlab/gitlab-kas/current] action touch (skipped due to only_if) Recipe: gitlab::database_migrations * ruby_block[check remote PG version] action nothing (skipped due to action :nothing) * rails_migration[gitlab-rails] action run[2025-07-14T15:04:58+08:00] WARN: gitlab-rails does not have a log_group or default logdir mode defined. Setting to 0700. * bash_hide_env[migrate gitlab-rails database] action run ================================================================================ Error executing action `run` on resource 'bash_hide_env[migrate gitlab-rails database]' ================================================================================ Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed ------------------------------------ Expected process to exit with [0], but received '137' ---- Begin output of "bash" ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of "bash" ---- Ran "bash" returned 137 Cookbook Trace: (most recent call first) ---------------------------------------- /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/resources/rails_migration.rb:20:in `block in class_from_file' Resource Declaration: --------------------- # In /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/resources/rails_migration.rb 20: bash_hide_env "migrate #{new_resource.name} database" do 21: code <<-EOH 22: set -e 23: log_file="#{logging_settings[:log_directory]}/#{new_resource.logfile_prefix}-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S).log" 24: umask 077 25: /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake #{new_resource.rake_task} 2>& 1 | tee ${log_file} 26: STATUS=${PIPESTATUS[0]} 27: chown #{account_helper.gitlab_user}:#{account_helper.gitlab_group} ${log_file} 28: echo $STATUS > #{new_resource.helper.db_migrate_status_file} 29: exit $STATUS 30: EOH 31: 32: environment new_resource.environment if new_resource.property_is_set?(:environment) 33: new_resource.dependent_services.each do |svc| 34: notifies :restart, svc, :immediately 35: end 36: 37: not_if { new_resource.helper.migrated? } 38: sensitive false 39: end 40: end Compiled Resource: ------------------ # Declared in /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/resources/rails_migration.rb:20:in `block in class_from_file' bash_hide_env("migrate gitlab-rails database") do action [:run] default_guard_interpreter :default interpreter "bash" declared_type :bash_hide_env cookbook_name "gitlab" recipe_name "database_migrations" code " set -e\n log_file=\"/var/log/gitlab/gitlab-rails/gitlab-rails-db-migrate-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S).log\"\n umask 077\n /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake gitlab:db:configure 2>& 1 | tee ${log_file}\n STATUS=${PIPESTATUS[0]}\n chown git:git ${log_file}\n echo $STATUS > /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/upgrade-status/db-migrate-c6697a9cd49e1cfa45cc31b1ecdb90ae-bd824d1abb2\n exit $STATUS\n" environment "*sensitive value suppressed*" not_if { #code block } end System Info: ------------ chef_version=18.3.0 platform=centos platform_version=7.6.1810 ruby=ruby 3.1.5p253 (2024-04-023 revision 1945f8dc0e) [x86_64-linux] program_name=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client executable=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client ================================================================================ Error executing action `run` on resource 'rails_migration[gitlab-rails]' ================================================================================ Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed ------------------------------------ bash_hide_env[migrate gitlab-rails database] (gitlab::database_migrations line 20) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '137' ---- Begin output of "bash" ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of "bash" ---- Ran "bash" returned 137 Cookbook Trace: (most recent call first) ---------------------------------------- /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/resources/rails_migration.rb:20:in `block in class_from_file' Resource Declaration: --------------------- # In /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/recipes/database_migrations.rb 51: rails_migration "gitlab-rails" do 52: rake_task 'gitlab:db:configure' 53: logfile_prefix 'gitlab-rails-db-migrate' 54: helper migration_helper 55: 56: environment env_variables 57: dependent_services dependent_services 58: notifies :run, "execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache]", :immediately 59: notifies :run, "ruby_block[check remote PG version]", :immediately 60: 61: only_if { migration_helper.attributes_node['auto_migrate'] } 62: end Compiled Resource: ------------------ # Declared in /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/recipes/database_migrations.rb:51:in `from_file' rails_migration("gitlab-rails") do action [:run] default_guard_interpreter :default declared_type :rails_migration cookbook_name "gitlab" recipe_name "database_migrations" rake_task "gitlab:db:configure" logfile_prefix "gitlab-rails-db-migrate" helper "*sensitive value suppressed*" environment "*sensitive value suppressed*" only_if { #code block } end System Info: ------------ chef_version=18.3.0 platform=centos platform_version=7.6.1810 ruby=ruby 3.1.5p253 (2024-04-023 revision 1945f8dc0e) [x86_64-linux] program_name=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client executable=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client [2025-07-14T15:05:48+08:00] INFO: Running queued delayed notifications before re-raising exception [2025-07-14T15:05:48+08:00] INFO: templatesymlink[Create a gitlab.yml and create a symlink to Rails root] sending run action to execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache] (delayed) Recipe: gitlab::gitlab-rails * execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache] action run ================================================================================ Error executing action `run` on resource 'execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache]' ================================================================================ Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed ------------------------------------ Expected process to exit with [0], but received '' ---- Begin output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- Ran /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear returned Resource Declaration: --------------------- # In /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/recipes/gitlab-rails.rb 543: execute "clear the gitlab-rails cache" do 544: command "/opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear" 545: action :nothing 546: not_if { omnibus_helper.not_listening?('redis') || !node['gitlab']['gitlab_rails']['rake_cache_clear'] } 547: end 548: Compiled Resource: ------------------ # Declared in /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cookbooks/gitlab/recipes/gitlab-rails.rb:543:in `from_file' execute("clear the gitlab-rails cache") do action [:nothing] default_guard_interpreter :execute command "/opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear" declared_type :execute cookbook_name "gitlab" recipe_name "gitlab-rails" not_if { #code block } end System Info: ------------ chef_version=18.3.0 platform=centos platform_version=7.6.1810 ruby=ruby 3.1.5p253 (2024-04-023 revision 1945f8dc0e) [x86_64-linux] program_name=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client executable=/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/cinc-client [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] INFO: version_file[Create version file for Gitaly] sending hup action to runit_service[gitaly] (delayed) Recipe: gitaly::enable * runit_service[gitaly] action hup[2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] INFO: runit_service[gitaly] signalled (HUP) [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] INFO: runit_service[gitaly] sent hup - send hup to runit_service[gitaly] [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] INFO: file[create /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/90-omnibus-gitlab-kernel.shmmax.conf kernel.shmmax] sending run action to execute[reload all sysctl conf] (delayed) Recipe: package::sysctl * execute[reload all sysctl conf] action run [execute] * Applying /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf ... net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 * Applying /usr/lib/sysctl.d/10-default-yama-scope.conf ... kernel.yama.ptrace_scope = 0 * Applying /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf ... kernel.sysrq = 16 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.promote_secondaries = 1 net.ipv4.conf.all.promote_secondaries = 1 fs.protected_hardlinks = 1 fs.protected_symlinks = 1 * Applying /etc/sysctl.d/90-omnibus-gitlab-kernel.sem.conf ... kernel.sem = 250 32000 32 275 * Applying /etc/sysctl.d/90-omnibus-gitlab-kernel.shmall.conf ... kernel.shmall = 4194304 * Applying /etc/sysctl.d/90-omnibus-gitlab-kernel.shmmax.conf ... kernel.shmmax = 17179869184 * Applying /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf ... net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_reserved_ports = 30000-32767 vm.max_map_count = 262144 vm.swappiness = 1 fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 524288 kernel.pid_max = 65535 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 net.core.somaxconn = 511 * Applying /etc/sysctl.d/lvs_dr.conf ... net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1 net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2 net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2 * Applying /etc/sysctl.conf ... net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_reserved_ports = 30000-32767 vm.max_map_count = 262144 vm.swappiness = 1 fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 524288 kernel.pid_max = 65535 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 net.core.somaxconn = 511 [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] INFO: execute[reload all sysctl conf] ran successfully - execute sysctl -e --system Running handlers: [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] ERROR: Running exception handlers There was an error running gitlab-ctl reconfigure: Multiple failures occurred: * Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed occurred in Cinc Client run: rails_migration[gitlab-rails] (gitlab::database_migrations line 51) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: bash_hide_env[migrate gitlab-rails database] (gitlab::database_migrations line 20) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '137' ---- Begin output of "bash" ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of "bash" ---- Ran "bash" returned 137 * Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed occurred in delayed notification: execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache] (gitlab::gitlab-rails line 543) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '' ---- Begin output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- Ran /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear returned Notes: Default admin account has been configured with following details: Username: root Password: You didn't opt-in to print initial root password to STDOUT. Password stored to /etc/gitlab/initial_root_password. This file will be cleaned up in first reconfigure run after 24 hours. NOTE: Because these credentials might be present in your log files in plain text, it is highly recommended to reset the password following https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/security/reset_user_password.html#reset-your-root-password. Running handlers complete [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] ERROR: Exception handlers complete Infra Phase failed. 319 resources updated in 02 minutes 41 seconds Notes: Default admin account has been configured with following details: Username: root Password: You didn't opt-in to print initial root password to STDOUT. Password stored to /etc/gitlab/initial_root_password. This file will be cleaned up in first reconfigure run after 24 hours. NOTE: Because these credentials might be present in your log files in plain text, it is highly recommended to reset the password following https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/security/reset_user_password.html#reset-your-root-password. [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] FATAL: Stacktrace dumped to /opt/gitlab/embedded/cookbooks/cache/cinc-stacktrace.out [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] FATAL: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] FATAL: PLEASE PROVIDE THE CONTENTS OF THE stacktrace.out FILE (above) IF YOU FILE A BUG REPORT [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] FATAL: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [2025-07-14T15:06:56+08:00] FATAL: Chef::Exceptions::MultipleFailures: Multiple failures occurred: * Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed occurred in Cinc Client run: rails_migration[gitlab-rails] (gitlab::database_migrations line 51) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: bash_hide_env[migrate gitlab-rails database] (gitlab::database_migrations line 20) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '137' ---- Begin output of "bash" ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of "bash" ---- Ran "bash" returned 137 * Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed occurred in delayed notification: execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache] (gitlab::gitlab-rails line 543) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '' ---- Begin output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- STDOUT: STDERR: ---- End output of /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear ---- Ran /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear returned
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