The rest of the 6.19 merge window

Linus Torvalds released 6.19-rc1 and closed the 6.19 merge window on December 14 (Japan time), after having pulled 12,314 non-merge commits into the mainline. Over 8,000 of those commits came in after our first 6.19 merge-window summary was written. The second part of the merge window was focused on drivers, but brought in a number of other changes as well.
Linus Torvalds 于 12 月 14 日（日本时间）发布了 6.19-rc1，并关闭了 6.19 的合并窗口。在此之前，他已将 12,314 个非合并提交拉入主线。其中有 8,000 多个提交是在我们撰写第一篇 6.19 合并窗口总结之后进入的。合并窗口的后半段主要集中在驱动程序，但同时也引入了不少其他方面的改动。

The most significant changes pulled in the latter part of this merge window include:
本次合并窗口后半段引入的最重要改动包括：

Architecture-specific
架构相关

User-mode Linux has gained support, finally, for multiple processors. This support is limited in 6.19, though, in that threads within a single process cannot run concurrently.
用户态 Linux（User-mode Linux）终于获得了对多处理器的支持。不过在 6.19 中这一支持仍然受限：同一进程内的多个线程还不能并发运行。

Support for the LoongArch32 subarchitecture has been merged, but it cannot actually be built until the toolchains catch up.
LoongArch32 子架构的支持已经合并进内核，但在工具链完善之前还无法真正构建使用。

Core kernel
内核核心

There is now generic support for the management of page tables for I/O memory-management units; see Documentation/driver-api/generic_pt.rst for more information.
现在已经加入了对 I/O 内存管理单元（IOMMU）页表管理的通用支持；更多信息可参见 Documentation/driver-api/generic_pt.rst。

System-call trace events are now able to read user-space buffers (file names, for example) and include them in the trace output.
系统调用的跟踪事件现在可以读取用户空间缓冲区（例如文件名），并将其包含在跟踪输出中。

Guard pages are now specially marked in the /proc/PID/smaps file; see this commit for details.
保护页（guard pages）现在会在 /proc/PID/smaps 文件中被特别标记；详细信息可参见相关提交。

The kernel is now able to manage transparent huge pages in device-private memory. See this commit for more information.
内核现在可以管理设备私有内存中的透明大页（THP）；更多信息请参见相关提交。

The zram device has gained support for writeback batching, improving performance.
zram 设备新增了写回批处理（writ