Hive 安装

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-03 22:56:22 发布

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#hive #数据库 #mysql

Hive只在一个节点上安装即可

1.上传tar包

2.解压

tar -zxvf hive-0.9.0.tar.gz -C /cloud/

3.配置mysql metastore（切换到root用户）

配置HIVE_HOME环境变量

rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.i686 --nodeps
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.1.73-1.glibc23.i386.rpm 
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.1.73-1.glibc23.i386.rpm

修改mysql的密码

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

（注意：删除匿名用户，允许用户远程连接）

登陆mysql

mysql -u root -p

4.配置hive

cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml

修改hive-site.xml（删除所有内容，只留一个<property></property>）

添加如下内容：

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:mysql://weekend01:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
  <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
  <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
  <value>root</value>
  <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
  <value>root</value>
  <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

5.安装hive和mysq完成后，将mysql的连接jar包拷贝到$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下

如果出现没有权限的问题，在mysql授权(在安装mysql的机器上执行)

mysql -uroot -p

#(执行下面的语句 *.*:所有库下的所有表 %：任何IP地址或主机都可以连接)

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6.建表(默认是内部表)

create table trade_detail(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

建分区表

create table td_part(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) partitioned by (logdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

建外部表

create external table td_ext(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' location '/td_ext';

7.创建分区表

普通表和分区表区别：有大量数据增加的需要建分区表

create table book (id bigint, name string) partitioned by (pubdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

分区表加载数据

load data local inpath './book.txt' overwrite into table book partition (pubdate='2020-08-22');
load data local inpath '/root/data.am' into table beauty partition (nation="USA");
select nation, avg(size) from beauties group by nation order by avg(size);