CentOS 7安装Mysql8.0_mysql-8.0-community-优快云博客

本文介绍MySQL在Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7上的安装与配置方法，包括在线YUM安装与安装文件安装两种方式，详细步骤涵盖依赖安装、启动配置、密码管理及远程连接等。

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一、在线yum安装方式

1、下载安装yum Repository

下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

选择Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7下载

2、安装

切换到/usr/local目录，并上传
安装

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

确认mysqlmysql安装版本

yum repolist | grep mysql
---------------------
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 141
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      105
mysql80-community/x86_64          MySQL 8.0 Community Server                 161

安装mysql-community-server

yum install mysql-community-server

等待安装完成

二、安装文件安装

1、下载rpm文件

下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

操作系统选择
Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
版本选择
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)

2、安装

上传至/usr/local目录下

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-----------------------------------------
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64
	mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.19-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64

若安装失败，安装相应的依赖
首先安装mysql yum Repository资源
并安装相应依赖

yum install mysql-community-client.x86_64   
yum install mysql-community-common.x86_64

三、配置mysql

1、启动mysql并查看状态

systemctl start  mysqld.service
systemctl status mysqld.service
------------------------------
 mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-03-21 16:01:22 CST; 48s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 32228 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 32358 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─32358 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Mar 21 16:00:50 instance-e7p2g0np systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Mar 21 16:01:22 instance-e7p2g0np systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

2、通过日志文件找出root密码

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
-----------------------------------
2020-03-21T08:01:14.779932Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Xoe09ZF46.=Y

其中root@localhost:后面是密码

3、登录数据库修改密码

mysql -uroot -p

输入密码，登录成功后，此时不能做任何事情，必须修改密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';

new password是修改的密码，若出现

ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

密码设置达不到要求
注意：密码设置必须要有大小写字母加数字加特殊符号，不然不能配置成功
查看密码复杂度

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      | 长度
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM | 复杂度
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+

修改密码复杂度，和长度

set global validate_password.policy=LOW;
set global validate_password.length=4;

设置成功后，我们可以重新修改密码为123456

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

现在就不会报错

4、配置远程连接

切换到mysql数据库
use mysql

select host,user,authentication_string,plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | root             | $A$005$&pp53t 'otjkpZ.tUbc9ts9pj5gPelxbJeQb2.ySkmOAEE.pQdgz2V/     | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+

我们看root是localhost只能支持本地访问，密码加密方式是caching_sha2_password
这种加密方式客服端连接时连接不上需要修改成 mysql_native_password方式
修改root的host为%

update user set host='%' where user='root';

给root授所有权限

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;

重新设置密码，并更改加密规则password为新密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

更改密码加密方式为mysql_native_password

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

刷新权限

flush privileges;

重新连接成功

5、修改编码

mysql> status;
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.0.19 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		19
Current database:	mysql
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 hour 7 min 35 sec

Threads: 4  Questions: 801  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 494  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 411  Queries per second avg: 0.197
--------------

修改配置文件/etc/my.conf
增加以下配置

character_set_server = utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

重启

service mysqld restart

登录并查询

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_database   | utf8                           |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_server     | utf8                           |
| character_set_system     | utf8                           |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)