数据结构-三元组表示矩阵（C++）_通过三元组构造矩阵-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/miaozhuang1992/article/details/8979262
#ifndef CTRIPLE_SPARSE_MATRIX_H
#define CTRIPLE_SPARSE_MATRIX_H


/************************************************************************/  
/* 以下是C++ 矩阵 类， 三元组； 
/************************************************************************/  

//三元组类
template<class Elemplent>
class CTriple
{
public:
	int rows,cols;
	CTriple(int r,int c,Elemplent tempelemplent);
	CTriple();
	Elemplent value;
};

//构造函数
template <class Elemplent>
CTriple<Elemplent>::CTriple()
{

}

//构造函数
template<class Elemplent>
CTriple<Elemplent>::CTriple(int r,int c,Elemplent tempelemplent)
{
	rows =r;
	cols =c;
	value = tempelemplent;
}


//三元矩阵类定义
template <class Elemplent>
class CTripleSparseMatrix
{
protected:
	int row,col,num;
	int maxSize;
	CTriple<Elemplent> *triplePtr;
public:
	CTripleSparseMatrix(int temprow = 22,int tempcol=22,int tempmaxsize=111);
	CTripleSparseMatrix(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempclass);
	CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> operator = (const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempclass);
	int GetRow()const;
	int GetCol() const;
	int GetNum() const;
	bool SetElemplent(int temprow,int tempcol,const Elemplent & tempelemplent);
	bool GetElemplent(int temprow,int tempcol,Elemplent & tempelemplent);
	void SimpleTranspose(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempsourse,CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> &dest);
	void FastTranspose(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempsourse,CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> &dest);
};

//构造函数
template <class Elemplent>
CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::CTripleSparseMatrix(int temprow /* = 22 */,int tempcol/* =22 */,int tempmaxsize/* =111 */)
{
	row = temprow;
	col = tempcol;
	maxSize = tempmaxsize;
	num = 0;
	triplePtr = new CTriple<Elemplent>[tempmaxsize];
}

//得到列数
template <class Elemplent>
int CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::GetCol()const
{
	return col;
}

//得到总数
template <class Elemplent>
int CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::GetNum()const
{
	return num;
}

//得到行数
template <class Elemplent>
int CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::GetRow()const
{
	return row;
}


//设置元素
template<class Elemplent>
bool CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::SetElemplent(int temprow,int tempcol,const Elemplent & tempelemplent)
{
	if ( temprow > row || col >col || col <1 || row <1)
	{
		return false;
	}
	int i,j;
	//查找元素
	for (j = num -1 ;(j>0)&&(temprow<triplePtr[j].rows||temprow ==triplePtr[j].rows)&&
		(tempcol<triplePtr[j].cols||tempcol ==triplePtr[j].cols);j--)
	{
	}

	if (j>=0&& temprow == triplePtr[j].rows&& tempcol == triplePtr[j].cols)
	{
		//如果=0，就是说删除咯！
		if(tempelemplent == 0)
		{
			for (i = j+1;i<num;i++)
			{
				triplePtr[i-1]= triplePtr[i];
			}
			num --;
		}
		//赋值
		else triplePtr[j].value = tempelemplent;
	}
	else if (tempelemplent !=0)
	{
		//添加一个新元素
		if (num<maxSize)
		{
			for (i = num -1;i>j;i--)
			{
				triplePtr[i+1] = triplePtr[i];
			}
			triplePtr[j+1].rows = temprow;
			triplePtr[j+1].cols = tempcol;
			triplePtr[j+1].value = tempelemplent;
			num++;
			return true;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

//得到元素值，赋值给参数
template <class Elemplent>
bool CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::GetElemplent(int temprow,int tempcol,Elemplent & tempelemplent)
{
	if (temprow >row||tempcol>col||tempcol<1||temprow<1)
	{
		return false;
	}
	int j;
	//查找元素
	for (j = num -1 ;(j>0)&&(temprow<triplePtr[j].rows||temprow ==triplePtr[j].rows)&&
		(tempcol<triplePtr[j].cols||tempcol ==triplePtr[j].cols);j--)
	{
	}
	//如果找到赋值
	if (j>=0 && tempcol == triplePtr[j].cols && temprow == triplePtr[j].rows)
	{
		tempelemplent = triplePtr[j].value;
		return true;
	}
	//设置为空
	tempelemplent = 0;
	return false;
}

//复制构造函数
template <class Elemplent>
CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::CTripleSparseMatrix(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempclass)
{
	maxSize = tempclass.maxSize;
	triplePtr = new CTriple<Elemplent>[maxSize];
	row = tempclass.row;
	col = tempclass.col;
	num = tempclass.num;
	for (int i = 0;i<num ;i++)
	{
		triplePtr[i] = tempclass.triplePtr[i];
	}
}

//重载=
template <class Elemplent>
CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>& CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::operator=(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & tempclass)
{
	if (this == &tempclass)
	{
		return *this;
	}
	maxSize = tempclass.maxSize;
	triplePtr = new CTriple<Elemplent>[maxSize];
	row = tempclass.row;
	col = tempclass.col;
	num = tempclass.num;
	for (int i = 0;i<num ;i++)
	{
		triplePtr[i] = tempclass.triplePtr[i];
	}
	return *this;
}

//简单转换，复杂度n*N
template <class Elemplent>
void CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::SimpleTranspose(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & sourse,CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> &dest)
{
	dest.col = sourse.GetCol();
	dest.row = sourse.GetRow();
	dest.num = sourse.GetNum();
	dest.maxSize = sourse.maxSize;
	delete []triplePtr;

	triplePtr = new CTriple<Elemplent>[maxSize];

	if (num >0)
	{
		int destpos  = 0;
		for (int col = 0;col<sourse.col;col++)
		{
			for (int soursepos = 0;soursepos <num;soursepos++)
			{
				if (sourse.triplePtr[soursepos].cols = col;)
				{
					//行列交换
					dest.triplePtr[destpos].rows = sourse.triplePtr[soursepos].cols;
					dest.triplePtr[destpos].cols = sourse.triplePtr[soursepos].rows;
					dest.triplePtr[destpos].value = sourse.triplePtr[soursepos].value;
					destpos++;
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

//快速转化
template <class Elemplent>
void CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent>::FastTranspose(const CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> & sourse,CTripleSparseMatrix<Elemplent> &dest)
{
	dest.col = sourse.GetCol();
	dest.row = sourse.GetRow();
	dest.num = sourse.GetNum();
	dest.maxSize = sourse.maxSize;
	delete []triplePtr;

	triplePtr = new CTriple<Elemplent>[maxSize];
	//用来存储每一列的第一元素的数组
	int *cNum = new int[sourse.GetCol() +1];
	int *cPos = new int[sourse.GetCol() +1];
	int col;										
	int sourcePos;	


	if (dest.num >0)
	{
		//初始化他
		for (col = 1;col<sourse.col;col++;)
		{
			cNum[i] = 0;
		}
		//记录每一列有几个元素
		for (sourcePos = 0 ;sourcePos <sourse.num;sourcePos++)
		{
			++cNum[sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].cols];
		}

		cPos [1] = 0;

		//每一列的元素第一个元素之前有几个，简单说第一个元素的在新的里面的位置
		for (col = 2;col<sourse.col;col++)
		{
			cPos[col] = cPos[col-1]+ cNum[col-1];
		}

		//赋值
		for (sourcePos=0;sourcePos<sourse.num;sourcePos++)
		{
			//得到每一个元素的第一个元素的位置
			int destpos = cNum[sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].cols];
			dest.triplePtr[destpos].cols = sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].rows;
			dest.triplePtr[destpos].rows = sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].cols;
			dest.triplePtr[destpos].value = sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].value;
			//下一列
			++cNum[sourse.triplePtr[sourcePos].cols];
		}
	}
	delete []cNum;
	delete []cPos;
}

//时间长，难眠有错误
#endif